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Child Development Test One (Chapter 1+2) > Child Development Chapter 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Child Development Chapter 1 & 2 Flashcards

0
Q

5 Periods of Development (up to age 20)

A

Prenatal, Infancy, Early Childhood, Middle Childhood, Adolescence

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1
Q

Child Development vs Developmental Psychology Range

A

Child Development - Conception to Adolescence

Developmental Psych - Conception to Death

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2
Q

Four Issues/Debates

A
  1. Continuous vs. Discontinuous
  2. One course or many
  3. Nature vs. Nurture
  4. Stable vs. Open to change
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3
Q
  1. One course of development or many?
A

One Course - Children everywhere follow same for stages.

Many Courses - Different cultures shape development differently

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4
Q
  1. Nature vs. Nurture
A

Nature focuses on biological givens

Nurture focuses on physical/social world

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5
Q
  1. Stable vs. Open to Change
A

Stability emphasizes heredity

Change emphasizes experience

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6
Q

Medieval Times

A

Preformantionism (Children are already formed adults)

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7
Q

Preformationism

A

Children were regarded as already formed adults. (Medieval times)

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8
Q

Reformation Times

A

Children were regarded as evil and stubborn.

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9
Q

Enlightenment Times

A

Tabula Rasa (Blank Slate) and Nobile Savege (Inborn Talents)

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10
Q

Three Domains of Development

A

Physical, Cognitive, Emotional/Social

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11
Q

Tabula Rasa

A

Child is born as a blank slate for society to shape.

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12
Q

Noble Savege

A

Child is born with inborn talents.

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14
Q

Infancy Period

A

Birth to 2 years old

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15
Q

Scientific Times

A

Evolutionary Theory

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16
Q

Early Childhood

A

2 to 6 years old

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16
Q

Middle Childhood

A

6 to 11 years old

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17
Q

Id

A

Primative and Instinctive

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18
Q

Ego

A

Rational

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19
Q

Super-Ego

A

Conscious and Rational

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20
Q

Classic Conditioning Theory

A

Relationship between stimulus and response.

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21
Q

Operant Conditioning Theory

A

Reinforcement and Punishment

22
Q
  1. Continuous vs. Discontinuous Development
A

Continuous is a gradual process like a sponge.

Discontinuous is a staged process like a plant.

23
Q

Four Stages of Devvelopment

A
  1. Sensory-motor
  2. Pre-Operational
  3. Concrete-Operational
  4. Formal-Operational
24
Q

Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural theory

A

Cognative development is culturally and socially molded from interaction

25
Q

4 Systems of Ecological System Theory

A

Micro
Meso
Exo
Macro

26
Q

Meso-system

A

The connections between Micro-systems.

27
Q

Exo-system

A

Social settings that do not contain the child, but still affect experiences in immediate settings.

28
Q

Macro-system

A

Cultural values, laws, and customs.

29
Q

Theory

A

Set of statements that describe, explain, and predict behavior.

30
Q

Hypothesis

A

Prediction drawn directly from a theory.

31
Q

Systematic Observation

A

Naturalistic & structured observation

32
Q

Self-Reports

A

Can be in the form of Interviews or Questionares

33
Q

Case-Study

A

Study on a single child

34
Q

Ethnography and two of it’s issues

A

The study of cultures other than ones own.

The bias of the investigator.
Findings that aren’t generalized beyond subject group.

35
Q

Two types of designs

A

Correlational and Experimetal

36
Q

Adolescence

A

11 to 20 years old

37
Q

Correlational Design

A

Looking for relationships (cannot infer cause and effect)

38
Q

Experimental Design

A

Looking for cause/effect relationships

39
Q

Variables

A

Independent is manipulated.

Dependent is studied.

40
Q

Longitudinal study

A

One group is monitored over time.

41
Q

Cross-sectional study

A

Different groups are monitored

42
Q

Children’s 5 research rights

A 
Protection from harm
Informed consent
Privacy
Results
Beneficial treatment
43
Q

Who: Piaget

A

Who: One course of development (with 4 stages)

44
Q

Who: Vygotsky

A

Who: Different cultures shape development differently

45
Q

Who: John Lock

A

Who: Tabula Rasa (blank slate)

46
Q

Who: Jean Rouseau

A

Who: Noble Savage (inborn talents)

47
Q

Who: Darwin

A

Who: Evolution

48
Q

Who: Freud

A

Who: Id, Ego, SuperEgo

49
Q

Who: Watson

A

Who: Classic Conditioning Theory (stimulant/response relationship)

50
Q

Who: Skinner

A

Who: Operant Conditioning Theory (reinforcement/punishment)

51
Q

Who: Brofenbrenner

A

Who: Ecological system theory (micro, messo, exo, macro system)

52
Q

Micro-system

A

The innermost level of the child’s environment, such as immediate family, school, or playground.

53
Q

Prenatal Period

A

Conception to Birth

Child Development Test One (Chapter 1+2) (2 decks)

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