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Andrew Camp > deck_1010353 > Flashcards

deck_1010353 Flashcards

1
Q

RAM

A

RAM is essentially how much space you have in your computer to run programs. The more RAM you have, the faster programs will run, and the more you will be able to run.

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2
Q

____ is essentially how much space you have in your computer to run programs. The more ____ you have, the faster programs will run, and the more you will be able to run.

A

RAM

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3
Q

____ connects to workstations, PC’s, or other ____s to enable data access and device sharing. Wake-on-____refers to ability to revive a system from sleep mode over a network without physically touching the system.

A

LAN

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4
Q

LAN

A

LAN (Local-Area Network) connects to workstations, PC’s, or other LANs to enable data access and device sharing. Wake-on-LAN refers to ability to revive a system from sleep mode over a network without physically touching the system.

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5
Q

_______ the amount of time that one part of a system spends waiting for another part to catch up. This is most common when the system sends data out to a peripheral device, and is waiting for the peripheral to send some data back (peripherals tend to be slower than onboard system components).

A

Latency

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6
Q

Latency

A

Latency is the amount of time that one part of a system spends waiting for another part to catch up. This is most common when the system sends data out to a peripheral device, and is waiting for the peripheral to send some data back (peripherals tend to be slower than onboard system components).

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7
Q

_______ refers to carrying capacity. The greater the ______, the more data the bus, phone line, or other electrical path, can carry. Greater _____, then, also results in greater speed

A

Bandwidth

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8
Q

Bandwidth

A

Bandwidth refers to carrying capacity. The greater the bandwidth, the more data the bus, phone line, or other electrical path, can carry. Greater bandwidth, then, also results in greater speed

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9
Q

A storage chip which contains the BIOS (Basic Input / Output System), the basic instructions required to boot the computer and start up the operating system.

A

ROM

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10
Q

ROM

A

ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a storage chip which contains the BIOS (Basic Input / Output System), the basic instructions required to boot the computer and start up the operating system.

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11
Q

The _____ program resides in the ROM chip, and provides the basic instructions for controlling your computer’s hardware. Both the operating system and application software use _____ routines to ensure compatibility.

A

The BIOS

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12
Q

The BIOS

A

The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) program resides in the ROM chip, and provides the basic instructions for controlling your computer’s hardware. Both the operating system and application software use BIOS routines to ensure compatibility.

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13
Q

A temporary, fast storage area that holds data from a slower storage device for quick access as needed by an application. Access time is fast using a ______, because the needed information is stored in the SRAM instead of in the slower DRAM. Note that the _____ is also much smaller than your regular memory: a typical ____ size is 512KB, while you may have as much as 2GB of regular memory

A

A cache

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14
Q

A Cache

A

A cache is a temporary, fast storage area that holds data from a slower storage device for quick access as needed by an application. Access time is fast using a cache, because the needed information is stored in the SRAM instead of in the slower DRAM. Note that the cache is also much smaller than your regular memory: a typical cache size is 512KB, while you may have as much as 2GB of regular memory

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15
Q

Bus

A

A data pathway, ie:a connection of wires.

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16
Q

A data pathway, ie:a connection of wires.

A

Bus

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17
Q

A versatile port. It can function as a serial, parallel, mouse, keyboard, or joystick port. It is fast enough, 12Mbps, to support video transfer, and is capable of supporting up to 127 daisy-chained peripheral devices.

A

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

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18
Q

USB (Universal Serial Bus)

A

USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a versatile port. It can function as a serial, parallel, mouse, keyboard, or joystick port. It is fast enough, 12Mbps, to support video transfer, and is capable of supporting up to 127 daisy-chained peripheral devices.

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19
Q

Small USB drives that are very portable and can be used to store data. These have largely replaced floppies used in earlier computers as well as the CDs that replaced them for temporary storage.

A

Flash drives

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20
Q

Flash drives

A

Flash drives (sometimes referred to as thumb drives) are small USB drives that are very portable and can be used to store data. These have largely replaced floppies used in earlier computers as well as the CDs that replaced them for temporary storage.

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21
Q

Another name for Flash Drive

A

Thumb Drive

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22
Q

Another name for Thumb Drive

A

Flash Drive

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23
Q

A magnetic storage device. Unlike RAM, information stored in a ____ does not disappear when the computer is turned off. The capacity is usually specified in gigabytes or terabytes.

A

Hard Drive

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24
Q

Hard Drive

A

A Hard Drive is a magnetic storage device. Unlike RAM, information stored in a hard drive does not disappear when the computer is turned off. The capacity is usually specified in gigabytes or terabytes.

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25
Q

Refers to the device that connects you to the Internet. Most people have high speed Internet using either a cable ____ (where a cable TV vendor is the provider) or ADSL ____ (where a telephone company is the provider). In earlier days people used dial-up, connecting temporarily over a telephone _____.

A

Modem

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26
Q

Modem

A

Modem refers to the device that connects you to the Internet. Most people have high speed Internet using either a cable modem (where a cable TV vendor is the provider) or ADSL modem (where a telephone company is the provider). In earlier days people used dial-up, connecting temporarily over a telephone modem.

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27
Q

A device that provides hardware firewall protection as well as allowing you to connect more than one computer to a modem using either a wired or wireless connection. They are generally connected between your modem and your computer although some ISPs now provide a combination high-speed modem and ____.

A

Routers

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28
Q

Routers

A

Routers is a device that provides hardware firewall protection as well as allowing you to connect more than one computer to a modem using either a wired or wireless connection. They are generally connected between your modem and your computer although some ISPs now provide a combination high-speed modem and router.

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29
Q

DSL

A

Stands for “Digital Subscriber Line.” It is medium for transferring data over regular phone lines and can be used to connect to the Internet. However, like a cable modem, a DSL circuit is much faster than a regular phone connection, even though the wires it uses are copper like a typical phone line.

30
Q

It is medium for transferring data over regular phone lines and can be used to connect to the Internet. However, like a cable modem, a ____ circuit is much faster than a regular phone connection, even though the wires it uses are copper like a typical phone line.

A

DSL

31
Q

Your computer’s ______ is a four-part or eight-part electronic serial number. An ______ can look something like ‘202.3.104.55’ or like ‘21DA:D3:0:2F3B:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A’, complete with dot or colon separators. Every computer, cell phone, and device that accesses the Internet is assigned at least one _____ for tracking purposes. Wherever you browse, whenever you send an email or instant message, and whenever you download a file, your ______ acts like a type of automobile licence plate to enforce accountability and traceability.

A

IP (Internet Protocol) Address

32
Q

IP (Internet Protocol) Address

A

IP AddressYour computer’s ‘internet protocol’ address is a four-part or eight-part electronic serial number. An IP address can look something like ‘202.3.104.55’ or like ‘21DA:D3:0:2F3B:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A’, complete with dot or colon separators. Every computer, cell phone, and device that accesses the Internet is assigned at least one IP address for tracking purposes. Wherever you browse, whenever you send an email or instant message, and whenever you download a file, your IP address acts like a type of automobile licence plate to enforce accountability and traceability.

33
Q

This is whatever private company or government organization that plugs you into the vast Internet around the world. Your _____ will offer varying services for varying prices: web page access, email, hosting your own web page, hosting your own blog, and so on. ____’s will also offer various Internet connection speeds for a monthly fee. (e.g. ultra high speed Internet vs economy Internet).

A

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

34
Q

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

A

ISP is Internet Service Provider. That is the private company or government organization that plugs you into the vast Internet around the world. Your ISP will offer varying services for varying prices: web page access, email, hosting your own web page, hosting your own blog, and so on. ISP’s will also offer various Internet connection speeds for a monthly fee. (e.g. ultra high speed Internet vs economy Internet).

35
Q

The most voluminous Internet activity today. It is the cooperative trading of files amongst thousands of individual users. Participants install special software on their computers, and then voluntarily share their music, movies, ebooks, and software files with each other.Through ‘uploading’ and ‘downloading’, users trade files that are anywhere from 1 megabyte to 5 gigabytes large. This activity, while in itself a fully legal pasttime, is very controversial because thousands of copyrighted songs and movies trade hands through this system.

A

P2P

36
Q

P2P

A

P2P file sharing (‘peer-to-peer’) is the most voluminous Internet activity today. P2P is the cooperative trading of files amongst thousands of individual users. P2P participants install special software on their computers, and then voluntarily share their music, movies, ebooks, and software files with each other.Through ‘uploading’ and ‘downloading’, users trade files that are anywhere from 1 megabyte to 5 gigabytes large. This activity, while in itself a fully legal pasttime, is very controversial because thousands of copyrighted songs and movies trade hands through P2P.

37
Q

Yet another type of computer/device connector, with speeds much greater than USB. If you’re working with big data files, such as raw audio or video, the transfer rate of _____ will help.

A

Firewire

38
Q

Firewire

A

Yet another type of computer/device connector, with speeds much greater than USB. If you’re working with big data files, such as raw audio or video, the transfer rate of FireWire will help.

39
Q

The power supply; a big noisy transformer with a fan inside your desktop computer or server. If it dies, you can’t turn it on. It’s also the source of most heat and fan noise in your machines; they’re usually not very efficient.

A

PSU

40
Q

PSU

A

The power supply; a big noisy transformer with a fan inside your desktop computer or server. If it dies, you can’t turn it on. It’s also the source of most heat and fan noise in your machines; they’re usually not very efficient.

41
Q

A numeric system that only uses two digits — 0 and 1. Computers operate in it, meaning they store data and perform calculations using only zeros and ones.

A

Binary

42
Q

Binary

A

Binary (or “base-2”) a numeric system that only uses two digits — 0 and 1. Computers operate in binary, meaning they store data and perform calculations using only zeros and ones.

43
Q

A unique name that identifies a website. For example, the ____ of the Tech Terms Computer Dictionary is “techterms.com.” Each website has a ______ that serves as an address, which is used to access the website.

A

Domain Name

44
Q

Domain Name

A

Domain Name A domain name is a unique name that identifies a website. For example, the domain name of the Tech Terms Computer Dictionary is “techterms.com.” Each website has a domain name that serves as an address, which is used to access the website.

45
Q

A software program that enables a specific hardware device to work with a computer’s operating system. They may be required for internal components, such as video cards and optical media drives, as well as external peripherals, such as printers and monitors.

A

A driver, or device driver.

46
Q

A driver, or device driver.

A

A driver, or device driver, is a software program that enables a specific hardware device to work with a computer’s operating system. Drivers may be required for internal components, such asvideo cards and optical media drives, as well as external peripherals, such as printers and monitors.Most modern hardware is “plug and play,” meaning the devices will work without requiring driver installation. However, even if a hardware device is recognized by the operating system, installingthe correct drivers may provide additional options and functionality for the device. For example, most mice work automatically when they are connected to a PC. However, installing the appropriate mouse driver may allow you to customize the function of each button and adjust the mouse sensitivity. Some keyboard drivers allow you to assign functions to specific keys, such as controlling the volume or opening specific applications.

47
Q

Software that communicates with the hardware and allows otherprograms to run. It is comprised of system software, or the fundamental files your computer needs to boot up and function. Every desktop computer, tablet, and smartphone includes an ____ that provides basic functionality for the device.

A

OS - Operating System

48
Q

OS - Operating System

A

An operating system, or “OS,” is software that communicates with the hardware and allows otherprograms to run. It is comprised of system software, or the fundamental files your computer needs to boot up and function. Every desktop computer, tablet, and smartphone includes an operating system that provides basic functionality for the device.

49
Q

WAN

A

Wide Area Network

50
Q

Wide Area Network

A

WAN

51
Q

It is a common method of transferring files via the Internet from one computer to another. Some common ___ programs are “Fetch” for the Mac, and “WS_____” for Windows. However, you can also use a Web browser like Netscape or Internet Explorer to access ___ servers. To do this, you need to type the URL of the server into the location field of the browser.

A

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

52
Q

FTP

A

Stands for “File Transfer Protocol.” It is a common method of transferring files via the Internet from one computer to another. Some common FTP programs are “Fetch” for the Mac, and “WS_FTP” for Windows. However, you can also use a Web browser like Netscape or Internet Explorer to access FTP servers. To do this, you need to type the URL of the server into the location field of the browser.

53
Q

Java

A

A programming language

54
Q

C/C++

A

A programming language

55
Q

Perl

A

A programming language

56
Q

Every computer program is written in a programming language, such as Java, C/C++, or Perl. These programs include anywhere from a few lines to millions of lines of text, called ____. This contains variable declarations, instructions, functions, loops, and other statements that tell the program how to function

A

Source Code

57
Q

Source Code

A

Every computer program is written in a programming language, such as Java, C/C++, or Perl. These programs include anywhere from a few lines to millions of lines of text, called source code. Source code, often referred to as simply the “source” of a program, contains variable declarations, instructions, functions, loops, and other statements that tell the program how to function

58
Q

A high-level programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. It was originally designed for developing programs for set-top boxes and handheld devices, but later became a popular choice for creating web applications.

A

Java

59
Q

Hava

A

Java is a high-level programming language developed by Sun Microsystems. It was originally designed for developing programs for set-top boxes and handheld devices, but later became a popular choice for creating web applications.

60
Q

A computer programming language that was developed in the mid-1960s to provide a way for students to write simple computer programs. Since then, the language has evolved into a more robust and powerful language and can be used to create advanced programs for today’s computer systems.

A

BASIC

61
Q

BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code)

A

BASIC is a computer programming language that was developed in the mid-1960s to provide a way for students to write simple computer programs. Since then, the language has evolved into a more robust and powerful language and can be used to create advanced programs for today’s computer systems.

62
Q

The brains of the computer where most calculations take place. In terms of computing power, the ___is the most important element of a computer system. On personal computers and small workstations, the ____ is housed in a single chip called a microprocessor. Modern _____s are small and square and contain multiple metallic connectors or pins on the underside. The _____ is inserted directly into a _____ socket, pin side down, on the motherboard.

A

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

63
Q

CPU

A

Pronounced as separate letters, CPU is the abbreviation for central processing unit. Sometimes referred to simply as the central processor, but more commonly called processor, the CPU is the brains of the computer where most calculations take place. In terms of computing power, the CPU is the most important element of a computer system. On personal computers and small workstations, the CPU is housed in a single chip called a microprocessor. Modern CPUs are small and square and contain multiple metallic connectors or pins on the underside. The CPU is inserted directly into a CPU socket, pin side down, on the motherboard.

64
Q

The main circuit board of a microcomputer. It contains the connectors for attaching additional boards. Typically, it contains the CPU, BIOS, memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices, such as the display screen, keyboard, and disk drive. Collectively, all these chips that reside on the _____ are known as the ______’s chipset.

A

Motherboard

65
Q

Motherboard

A

The main circuit board of a microcomputer. The motherboard contains the connectors for attaching additional boards. Typically, the motherboard contains the CPU, BIOS, memory, mass storage interfaces, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and all the controllers required to control standard peripheral devices, such as the display screen, keyboard, and disk drive. Collectively, all these chips that reside on the motherboard are known as the motherboard’s chipset.

66
Q

Dual Core Processor

A

Dual-core refers to a CPU that includes two complete execution cores per physical processor. It has combined two processors and their caches and cache controllers onto a single integrated circuit (silicon chip). Dual-core processors are well-suited for multitasking environments because there are two complete execution cores instead of one, each with an independent interface to the frontside bus. Since each core has its own cache, the operating system has sufficient resources to handle most compute intensive tasks in parallel. Multi-core is similar to dual-core in that it is an expansion to the dual-core technology which allows for more than two separate processors.

67
Q

Refers to a CPU that includes two complete execution cores per physical processor. It has combined two processors and their caches and cache controllers onto a single integrated circuit (silicon chip). They are well-suited for multitasking environments because there are two complete execution cores instead of one, each with an independent interface to the frontside bus. Since each core has its own cache, the operating system has sufficient resources to handle most compute intensive tasks in parallel. Multi-core is similar in that it is an expansion which allows for more than two separate processors.

A

Dual Core Processor

68
Q

A program designed to be executed from within another application. Unlike an application, these cannot be executed directly from the operating system. With the growing popularity of OLE (object linking and embedding), they are becoming more prevalent. A well-designed ____ can be invoked from many different applications.

A

Applet

69
Q

Applet

A

A program designed to be executed from within another application. Unlike an application, applets cannot be executed directly from the operating system. With the growing popularity of OLE (object linking and embedding), applets are becoming more prevalent. A well-designed applet can be invoked from many different applications.

70
Q

Starting (booting) a computer as minimalistically as possible. Typically when you start your computer, it loads many files and programs to customize your environment. ______ eliminates these optional features and loads only those files and programs that are absolutely required by the operating system. A _______ is a troubleshooting technique that allows you to get the computer up and running so that you can perform diagnostic tests to determine which elements of the normal boot process are causing problems.

A

Clean Boot

71
Q

Clean Boot

A

Starting (booting) a computer as minimalistically as possible. Typically when you start your computer, it loads many files and programs to customize your environment. A clean boot eliminates these optional features and loads only those files and programs that are absolutely required by the operating system. A clean boot is a troubleshooting technique that allows you to get the computer up and running so that you can perform diagnostic tests to determine which elements of the normal boot process are causing problems.

Andrew Camp (4 decks)

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