Deck 7 Flashcards by Jessica Pederson

signs of PKU in the neonate

musty body odor, eczema, lethargy, poor feeding, microcephly, hypopigmentation, seizures

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how do you test for PKU

get an amino acid levels

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signs of chronic suppurative otitis media

chronic >6wks of purulent otorrhea, hearing loss, NO PAIN, acquired cholesteotoma, TM perf

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what bugs cause chronic suppurative otitis media

pseudomonas and staph aureus

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appearance of external ear canal in chronic suppurative

normal after suction

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pathogenesis of HUS kidney injury

renal vascular occlusion due to microthrombi

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other causes of folate deficiency besides lack of diet intake

chronic hemolysis like from sickle cell

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vaccine schedule for premature infants

same as full term! no need to wait

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in a patient with thalessemia, what is their RBC # like

its elevated!!

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mucosal involvement with staph scalded skin vs. toxic epidermal necrolysis

NO mucosal involvement in SSSS but expected in TEN

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scrotal swelling, purpura, petichiae

HSP IgA vasculitis

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RBC inclusions in sickle cell

howell jolly bodies

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CKD effect on platelets

can cause platelet dysfunction and therefore easy bleeding

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where are the calcifications for toxo vs. CMV

CMV is around the ventricles and toxo is intraparenchymal diffuse

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next step in eval of a neonate with severe hypospadias

karyotype because there might be a disorder of sexual development

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what causes fifth disease aka erythema infectiosum

parvo!

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what is the nature of the arthritis in rheumatic fever

it is migratory

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nature of arthritis in JIA

Usually symmetrical and not migratory

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what causes bullous impetigo

staph a

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what causes erylipseas

strep pyogenes

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signs of hereditary spherocytosis (clinical)

hemolytic anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly

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why does spherocytosis cause jaundice

the spherocytes get stuck in the spleen and lyse

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reticulocyte level in hemolytic anemia

increased!

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MCHC levels in hereditary spherocytosis

high!

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signs of rickets

asymmetric bowing legs, open fontanelle, costochondral joint enlargement, enlarged wrist bones

associations with myelomeningocele

chiari II

bacterial bloody diarrheal causes

EHEC, nontyphoid salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter

protozoal causes of bloody diarrhea

entamoeba histolytica, prolonged diarrhea

reassuring lymph node signs

mobile, soft <2cm

concerning lymph node signs

nonmobile, firm, nontender >2cm

what drugs cause immune related hemolysis

cephalosporins and penicillins

pathogenesis of drug induced hemolytic anemia I

drug binds and acts as a hapten allowing IgG to bind which then gets vacummed in the spleen

drugs that can cause a G6PD flair

antimalarials and sulfa drugs (TMP-SMX)

treatment of intussusception

air or water enema

heart defects as a result of G-DM

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

what do you use to treat HOCM in a neonate of a DM mother

propanolol

langerhans cell histiocytosis signs

lytic bone lesions (face especially), eczema/skin manefestations, lymphadenopathy, central diabetes insipidus

causes of increased RDW

iron deficiency anemia, sideroblastic anemia, B12 deficiency etc

two main types of ADHD

inattention or hyperactive/compulsive --> often a mixture of both

description of vision loss with IIH

enlarged blind spots bilaterally

what puts patients at risk of progression in their scoliosis

onset before menarche, female sex, age <12, severe curvature

if a patient has prolonged bleeding after surgery, tooth extraction etc, what is the dx

hemophelia

severity of hemophelia and trauma bleeding risk

the more severe disease you dont need any trauma to have bleeding

treatment of bowlegs

observation and followup

how do you dx transient synovitis

bilateral hip ultrasound

what joint is affected in transient synovitis

the hips only

history finding of transient synovitis

recent URI

what is a vascular ring in the trachea

this is when a ring of vessels entangle the trachea and cause biphasic stridor

how should you dx appendicitis in a child

ultrasound

treatment of central precocious puberty

leuprolide

treatment of abetalipoproteinemia

restriction of long chain amino acids,

when do you do exchange therapy for hyperbilirubinemia

>24

treatment of croup

racemic epinephrine

winters formula

1.5(HCO3) + 8 +/- 2 = CO2

what does winters test for

if there is respiratory compensation in metabolic acidosis

management of hip dysplasia

>4mo xray <4mo ultrasound

clinical signs of transpo of great vessels

immediate cyanosis, not corrected by O2, PROMINENT S2

does transpo of great vessels have a murmur

no unless concaminant VSD

when does hypoplastic left heard syndrome show up

typically two days post birth once PDA closes

when does retinopathy of prematurity occur

at <30 wks of birth

if an infant has an absent red light reflex, what is goin on

retinoblastoma! potentially also retinopathy of prematurity but this is only in premies

where do you palpate tenderness in osgood shattler

tibial tuberosity

is physiological gynecomastia uni or bilateral

either

what is associated with membraneous nephropathy

hepB

what are the B/T cell levels like in ataxia with telangectasia

both are low

levels of Ig in ataxia telangectasia

low IgA but everything else is okay

how do you tell difference between bacterial vs. viral sinusitis

viral has no sx and is resolved faster

trt of viral sinusitis

reassurance

temporal lobe hemorrhage in newborn

HSV infection

what are pulses like in PDA

they can be bounding

what defects do impairments to the endocardial cushion cause

they are associated with AV valces and ASD

when is eosinophilic with granulomatosis dx

in adulthood

if a patient has dark urine but minimal RBCs in the urine what test do you run

CBC! to check for hemoglobin levels

signs of anaphylaxis

>2 system involvement: skin, GI, respiratory, CV

does congential andioedema have wheels present

nope just angioedema of the throat and abdominal pain

signs of absent interferon gamma receptors

ONLY TB infection early in infancy

signs of brutons

chronic respiratory infections (pneumonia, otitis media) AND chronic diarrhea

constitutional signs of kids with SCID

low weight

what are common infections if you dont have T cells

fungal (!candida!) and viral