Deck 2 Flashcards
What is the purpose of a neutraliser?
To reset the di-sulphide bonds into their new shape.
Explain how perm solution works on the hair.
Perm solution adds hydrogen to the di-sulphide bonds causing them to break (reduction). They are formed into a new shape around the rod.
Explain how neutraliser works on the hair.
Oxygen from the neutraliser (oxidation) is added to the hydrogen (from the perm solution) and changes it to water. The di-sulphide bonds reform. The hair is permanently fixed into it’s new shape.
Why is a pre perm treatment used?
Used to even out porosity and strengthen the cortex. Aim to give an even result.
What is a post perm treatment and why are they used?
Anti oxidant or acid balance/pH balance conditioners. Returns hair to its natural pH. Closes the cuticle and rehydrates the hair.
What are the 2 main types of perm solution?
Acid and alkaline
How would you dispose of unused perm solution?
Dilute with cold water and rinse away.
What is the common chemical found in alkaline perms?
Ammonium thioglycollate
What is the common chemical found in neutralisers?
Hydrogen peroxide and sodium bromate
What could be a cause of ‘fish hooks’ when perming?
The hair has not been cleanly wound and some of the hair has bent back on itself during winding.
What could be a cause of ‘straight pieces’ when perming?
Poor application of perm lotion or neutraliser, Pieces missed out when winding.
What could be a cause of ‘frizz’ when perming?
Rod size too small. Perm solution left on too long (over processed).
What consultation techniques must you use for perming?
Ask open questions. Confirm with closed questions. Listen to the client. Feel and check the hair and scalp. Carry out necessary tests.
When the di-sulphide bonds are broken by the reduction process it is known as what?
Cysteine.
When the di-sulphide bonds are fixed together by the oxidation process it is known as what?
Cystine.
