Deck Flashcards
Acinetobacter bumanii
aerobic, catalase +, oxidase -, common in hospitals, #1 cause of wound infections in Iraq and Afghanistan
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
infects white blood cells, humans are dead-end host
Babesia microti
malaria-like parasite, infects RBCs, high fevers and myalgia
Bacillus anthracis
anthrax, cutaneous necrosis
Bacillus cereus
- emetic form: heat stable, <6 hours until symptoms arise
- diarrheal form: destroyed by heat, incubation >6 hours
Borrelia burgdorferi
– deer tick vector, spreads Lyme Disease, starts with migrating rash (target rash), then Bell’s palsy, fatigue, and arthritic/cardiac/neurologic symptoms, then chronic arthritis and subtle encephalitis
- treat with doxycycline x 14 days
Borrelia mayonii
rash, deep rash which extends to large part of the body, cleared by day 40
Chlamydiae
obligate intracellular parasite, no cell wall (antibiotics like penicillins cannot affect cell wall)
- Chlamydia trachomatis
STI, #1 bacterial cause of STDs (15 strains), no cell wall so no gram stain
- Chlamydophila pneumoniae
causes atypical pneumonia, bronchitis
- Chlamydia psittaci
pneumonia, bird feces
Clostridium botulin
floppy baby syndrome, causes paralysis of muscles
Clostridium difficile
toxin A causes fluid accumulation in bowels, toxin B damages cells
Clostridium perfringens
gas gangrene, liquifies tissues, food poisoning
Clostridium tetani
tetanus toxin (blocks release of NT at the synapse, contraction is maintained), muscle contraction
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
diphtheria, causes swelling, difficulty breathing, fever
Enterobacteriale
within and outside enteric tract, 11 types that cause disease
- LPS causes fever and inflammation, inhibits complement
- Capsules – resist phagocytosis, biofilm formation
- Fimbriae – bind to bladder (good for UTIs), bind to plastic (ex: catheters)
- Siderophores – secreted molecules that bind iron and allow for growth in low iron environments
- Efflux pumps – pump out antibiotics
Escherichia coli
faculatative anaerobe, 3 antigens used for identification: O (LPS), H (flagella), K (capsule), causes UTI, septicemia, meningitis, diarrhea
Hemophilus influenzae
1 cause of otitis media, bronchitis, sinusitis
Helicobacter pylori
– spiral organism, gastritis, makes a toxin to destroy mucous producing cells
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pneumonia, thick mucous, no flagella, capsule prevents phagocytosis
Listeria monocytogenes
intracellular pathogen, cause of meningitis, can grow at fridge temps, causes abortions through transplacental transmissions
Moraxella catarrhalis
causes otitis media
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
white plague, lung infection, can be latent, drugs cannot target cells that aren’t growing, death caused by years of coughing, fever, sweats, and weight loss