December Block 3

Question 1

Is the force that hold two atoms together. It can form by the attraction between the positive nucleus of one atom and the negative electrons of another atom.

Answer 1

Chemical bond

Question 2

(Gilbert Lewis) States that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valance electrons.

Answer 2

Octet rule

Question 3

Are defined as electrons in the atom’s outermost orbitals generally those orbitals associated with the atom’s highest principal energy.

Answer 3

Valance electrons

Question 4

A positively charged ion.

Answer 4

Cation

Question 5

Negatively charged ion.

Answer 5

Anions

Question 6

What are the types of chemical bonding?

Answer 6

• Ionic
• Covalent(non-polar, polar, coordinate)
• Metallic
• Hydrogen bonding

Question 7

Uses dots surrounding the symbol of the element to represent the valance electrons.

Answer 7

Lewis electron-dot diagram

Question 8

Force that holds ions together with opposite charges.( generally made between metals and non-metals)

Answer 8

Ionic bond

Question 9

Charges atom made by gaining or losing electrons.

Answer 9

Ions

Question 10

Properties of ionic compounds:

Answer 10

• Most of them are solid
• Dissolve in water
• Generally hard and rough
• High melting

Question 11

Number and types of atoms that form a molecule.

Answer 11

Molecular formula

Question 12

Distribution of valance electrons in the atoms using dots(Lewis structure)

Answer 12

Electronic formula

Question 13

Structure of the molecule with its bonds represented with a line.

Answer 13

Condensed structural formula.

Question 14

Attraction force between the nuclei of non-metals and the pair of electrons that is shared between them.

Answer 14

Covalent bond

Question 15

What happens to an element that is missing > S ē to complete the octet?

Answer 15

The atom loses the ē or the outet lever.

Question 16

What happens with an atom that loses the ē?

Answer 16

It gets positively charged(cation)

Question 17

What happen with an atom that needs 1ē —-> 3ē to fulfill the octet rule and captures the lost ē?

Answer 17

It gets negatively charged(anion)

Question 18

Is presenten between non-metallic atoms that share electrons between them.

Answer 18

Covalent bond

Question 19

Properties of polar compounds:

Answer 19

• Soluble in polar solvents
• Their chemical activity is high
• Low melting

Question 20

Properties of non-polar compounds:

Answer 20

• Their molecules are diatomic
• Their chemical activity is medium
• Not conductors

Question 21

Igual o menor que 0.4

Answer 21

Covalent: Non-Polar

Question 22

Entre 0.4-1.7

Answer 22

Covalent:Polar

Question 23

Mayor que 1.7

Answer 23

Ionic

Question 24

Bond present in all metals and alloys, even in molten metals. Electrostatic attraction force between the positive ions and the delocalized sea of electrons.

Answer 24

Metallic bond

Question 25

Properties of metallic substances:

Answer 25

- Most of them are solid - They have luster - Malleable and ductile - High melting

Question 26

Electrostatic attraction, in which a hydrogen atom forms a bridge between two electronegative elements such as F, O and N.

Answer 26

Hydrogen bolding