Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histopathology > Decalcification-Clearing > Flashcards

Decalcification-Clearing Flashcards

1
Q

The most common chelating agent

A

EDTA with pH 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The most common decalcifying agent

A

Nitric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

It is both a tissue softener and a decalcifying agent

A

Perenyi’s fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

It is the most rapid decalcifying agent; overall better than nitric acid

A

Phloroglucinol-Nitric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

It is good for nuclear staining

A

Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Both fixative and a decalcifying agent

A

Formic acid
Chromic acid or Flemming’s fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long is the decalcification time using nitric acid

A

12-24 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Composition of Phloroglucinol-Nitric acid

A

10 mL concentrated nitric acid
1 g phloroglucin
100 mL 10% nitric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Composition of Perenyi’s fluid

A

40 mL 10% nitric acid
30 mL 0.5% chromic acid
30 mL absolute ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Comparison of nitric acid and phloroglucinol nitric acid

A

Nitric acid is good for nuclear staining while the latter is not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

These decalcifying agents don’t require washing

A

Von Ebner’s fluid,
TCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Used for minute bone spicules

A

Chromic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Decalcifying agents that permit good nuclear and cytoplasmic staining

A

Formic acid
Trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
Citric acid-citrate buffer solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Require neutralization with 5% sodium sulfate

A

Phloroglucinol-Nitric acid,
Formic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the ideal decalcification time

A

24-48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the optimum temperature for decalcification

A

18-30 deg C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dense bone tissue require up to _____ weeks to complete decalcification process.

A

14 days

18
Q

What is the preferred method of measuring the extent of calcification

A

Chemical method/calcium oxalate method

19
Q

Most widely used dehydrating agent

A

Ethanol

20
Q

A dehydrating agent that does not dissolve nitrocellulose

A

Methanol

21
Q

Superior lipid solvent

A

isopropanol

22
Q

It cannot be used for celloidin embedding

A

Isopropanol

23
Q

For rapid dehydration of 1 hour

A

Acetone

24
Q

It is both a dehydrating and clearing agent

A

Dioxane

25
Q

True or False
Long, slow dehydration gives the best results

A

True

26
Q

Also known as dealcoholization

A

Clearing

27
Q

it is the process of replacing the dehydrating fluid with a fluid that is miscible with both the dehydrating fluid and the impregnating/embedding medium

A

Clearing

28
Q

Ideal Characteristics of a Clearing Agent

A
  1. Should be miscible with alcohol to promote rapid removal of the dehydrating agent
  2. Should be miscible and easily removed by melted paraffin wax and/or by mounting medium to facilitate impregnation and mounting sections.
  3. Should not produce excessive shrinkage, hardening, or damage of tissue
  4. Should not dissolve aniline dyes
  5. Should not evaporate quickly +. However, clearing agent should evaporate quickly inside the oven.
  6. Should make the tissues transparent.
29
Q

Colorless and mostly used clearing agent

A

Xylene

30
Q

The most rapid clearing agent 15-30 mins

A

Xylene

31
Q

What is the remedy when Xylene becomes milky due to incomplete dehydration

A

Immersion of the tissue in absolute alcohol (rehydration)

32
Q

A substitute for Xylene and Benzene

A

Toluene

33
Q

A clearing agent recommended for tough tissues like skin, fibroid, and decalcified tissues; nervous, lymph nodes, and embryos

A

Chloroform

34
Q

A disadvantage of chloroform

A

it does not make the tissue transparent

35
Q

Slow-acting clearing agents that can be used when double-embedding techniques are required

A

Methyl benzoate and Methyl salicylate

36
Q

It is an expensive clearing agent used to clear both paraffin and celloidin sections during embedding process;
Recommended for CNS tissues and cytological studies

A

Cedarwood oil

37
Q

Rapid acting but causes brittle and hard tissue;
Causes aplastic anemia

A

Benzene

38
Q

Recommended for embryos, insects, and very delicate specimens

A

Aniline oil

39
Q

Clearing agents suitable for CNS

A

Chloroform,Cedarwood oil

40
Q

Clearing agents suitable for embryos

A

Chloroform, Aniline oil

Histopathology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions