Death and Dying Flashcards
% people who die gently
20%
Amount of deaths that are sudden
1/4– 80% heart attacks
Amount of long, drawn out detahs
3/4– life saving medical technology
Agonal phase
Suffering in first moments body can no longer support life
Clinical death
Heart, breathing, brain stopped but can still resuscitate
Mortality
Permanent death
Brain death
All activity in brain and brain stem have stopped– irreversible
Persistent vegetative state
Activity in cerebral cortex has stopped but brain stem still active
5 attitudes towards death
Permanence Inevitability Cessation Applicability Causation
Gender with more death anxiety
women
Individual variation
Personal philosophy of death
Consistency of religious practices and beliefs
Symbolic immortality
Kubler Ross Stages
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
Appropriate death
Makes sense with person’s patetrn of living, preserves significant relationships and free of suffering
4 coping styles
Dying as imprisonment
Mandate to live life even more fully
Part of life’s journey
Experience to be transformed
Countries that withhold diagnosis
Eastern europe, south america, asia, midle east
% that die in hospitals
40%
% that die in longterm care
20%
Amount of people that die at home
1/4
Nursing home
Emphasizes rehabilitation rather than terminal care
Hospice
Comprehensive support for dying and their families
Euthanasia
Ending the life of a person suffering from an incurable conditon
Voluntary passive
Withdraw treatment– advance medical directives
Living will
People specify the treatments they would want in case of terminal illness, coma or near death situation
Durable power of attorney
Appointment of another person to make health care decisions on one’s behalf
Voluntary active
Medical staff act to end life at patient’s request
Assisted suicide
Staff provide means for patient to end their own life
Involuntary active
Medical staff end life without patients consent
Bereavement
Experience of losing a loved one by death
Grief
Intense physical and psychological distress
Mourning
Culturally specified expression of bereaved person’s thoughts and feelings
4 grief tasks
Accept reality of loss
Work through pain of grief
Adjust to world without loved one
Develop inner bond with deceased and move on
Avoidance
Emotional anesthesia
Confrontation
More intense grief– preoccupied with thoughts o the death
Restoration
Dual process model of coping– alternate betwen dealing with emotions and attending to life changes
Sudden, unexpected detah
Avoidance from shock and disbelief
Prolonged, expected
Anticapatory grieving allows emotional preparation– display more persistent anxiety
Disenfranchised grief
Sense of loss without opportunity to mourn publicly or benefit from social support
Bereavement overload
Experiencing several deaths at once
5 steps in resolving grief
Give yourslef permission to feel loss Accept social support Be realistic about course of grieving Remeber the deceased Engage in new activities and relationships
Prevalence of incontinence
1/3– 2x more women
% who seek help for incontinence
25%- men after 4 years, women after 6
Stress
Urine leaks durng coughing, sneezing, laughing– overstrecthed pelvic muscles
Urge
Nerves contolling bladderare overactive and involuntay action of bladder muscle occur
Overflow
Enlarged prostate constricts urethra preventing bladder from emptying
Functional
Untimely urination due to medical conditons that impair thinking
Mixed
Usually stress and urge together
Transient
Temporality leakage occurs due to acute infection or medication
