Dealing with offender behaviour - Custodial sentencing Flashcards
Name the aims of custodial sentancing
- retribution
- incapacitation
- rehabilitation
- punishment
- deterrance
define custodial sentencing
when we put someone in prison for a sentence period
define retribution
attoning for wrongdoings
they reflect on their actions
define incapacitation
to protect others and prevent them from doing the action again
define rehabilitation
Being able to reform the prisoner to become better people
define punishment
to reduce the offending behaviour (recidivism)
define deterrence
the idea of putting off the individual from engaging in offending behaviour
name the types of deterrence
general
individual
define general deterrence
to send a broad message to members that crimes will not be tolerated
define individual deterrence
preventing the individual from reoffending
Name the psychological effects of custodial sentencing
- deindividuation
- depression, self harm and suicide
- overcrowding & lack of privacy
- effects of the family
- institutionalisation
define deindividuation
A loss of awareness of ‘self awareness’ or sense of self when a part of a group.
name an example of deindividuation
Zimbardo
found that uniforms and prisons may lead to de-individuation, which is associated with increased aggression
define depression, self harm and suicide
Suicide is a possible outcome of depression.
who is the risk group for suicide?
The great risk group is single young men in the first 24 hours of imprisonment
Who was the researcher which researched into depression?
Abramson (1989)
What did Abramson find?
suggested depression was cause by helplessness & hopelessness
What did Seligman do?
conducted an experiment w/ dog
found helplessness was learned
Why is overcrowding + lack of privacy a psychological effect?
Calhoun (1962)
showed that overcrowding with rats led to increased
- aggression
- hyper-sexuality
- stress
- physical illness
Why are the effects of the family a psychological effect?
(Glover 2009)
Found that children with a mother or father in prison are deeply affected
- financially
- psychologically.
Parents in prison may feel guilt and separation anxiety
Why is institutionalisation a psychological effect?
Having adapted to the norms and routines of prison life, inmates may become so accustomed to these,
they are no longer able to function outside