Dealing with offender behaviour - Custodial sentencing

Question 1

Name the aims of custodial sentancing

Answer 1

1. retribution
2. incapacitation
3. rehabilitation
4. punishment
5. deterrance

Question 2

define custodial sentencing

Answer 2

when we put someone in prison for a sentence period

Question 3

define retribution

Answer 3

attoning for wrongdoings

they reflect on their actions

Question 4

define incapacitation

Answer 4

to protect others and prevent them from doing the action again

Question 5

define rehabilitation

Answer 5

Being able to reform the prisoner to become better people

Question 6

define punishment

Answer 6

to reduce the offending behaviour (recidivism)

Question 7

define deterrence

Answer 7

the idea of putting off the individual from engaging in offending behaviour

Question 8

name the types of deterrence

Answer 8

general

individual

Question 9

define general deterrence

Answer 9

to send a broad message to members that crimes will not be tolerated

Question 10

define individual deterrence

Answer 10

preventing the individual from reoffending

Question 11

Name the psychological effects of custodial sentencing

Answer 11

1. deindividuation
2. depression, self harm and suicide
3. overcrowding & lack of privacy
4. effects of the family
5. institutionalisation

Question 12

define deindividuation

Answer 12

A loss of awareness of ‘self awareness’ or sense of self when a part of a group.

Question 13

name an example of deindividuation

Answer 13

Zimbardo

found that uniforms and prisons may lead to de-individuation, which is associated with increased aggression

Question 14

define depression, self harm and suicide

Answer 14

Suicide is a possible outcome of depression.

Question 15

who is the risk group for suicide?

Answer 15

The great risk group is single young men in the first 24 hours of imprisonment

Question 16

Who was the researcher which researched into depression?

Answer 16

Abramson (1989)

Question 17

What did Abramson find?

Answer 17

suggested depression was cause by helplessness & hopelessness

Question 18

What did Seligman do?

Answer 18

conducted an experiment w/ dog

found helplessness was learned

Question 19

Why is overcrowding + lack of privacy a psychological effect?

Answer 19

Calhoun (1962)

showed that overcrowding with rats led to increased

• aggression
• hyper-sexuality
• stress
• physical illness

Question 20

Why are the effects of the family a psychological effect?

Answer 20

(Glover 2009)

Found that children with a mother or father in prison are deeply affected

• financially
• psychologically.

Parents in prison may feel guilt and separation anxiety

Question 21

Why is institutionalisation a psychological effect?

Answer 21

Having adapted to the norms and routines of prison life, inmates may become so accustomed to these,

they are no longer able to function outside