Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Step 2CS > DDx > Flashcards

DDx Flashcards

Lern da things

1
Q

Abdominal pain

A 
Pancreatitis
Cholecystitis
Appendicitis
GERD
Gastritis
PID
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Back pain

A 
Lumbar strain
Degenerative disc dz
Spinal stenosis
Osteomyelitis
Multiple myeloma
Metastatic Ca
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Amenorrhea

A 
Pregnancy
Anorexia
PCOS
Prolactinoma
Anovulatory cycle
Thyroid dz
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vaginal bleeding

A 
Ectopic pregnancy, abortion
Endometriosis
Atrophic vaginitis
Endometrial hyperplasia/cancer
Cervical polyp
Ruptured ovarian cyst
Cervicitis, UTI, PID
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lower GI bleed

A 
Anal fissures, hemorrhoids
aortoenteric fistula
diverticulosis
meckel's diverticulum
angiodysplasia
Neoplastic - colorectal ca, polyps
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chest pain

A

Chostochondritis, muscle strain
MI, pericarditis, aortic dissection, angina
PE, pneumothorax, pleural effusion
GERD, esophagitis, esophageal dysmotility
PNA, empyema, parapneumonic effusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Behavioral problems

A

ADHD, adjustement disorder, conduct disorder
oppositional defiant disorder
substance induced disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Confusion

A

Dementia - AD, depression, stroke, CJD, LBD
hypothyroidism, hypo or hyperglycemia, hyponatremia
Delirium - medication, substance, encephalitis, sepsis
neurosyphilis, wernicke’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cough/SOB

A

PNA, ARDS, bronchitis, COPD, asthma
CHF, PE, pericarditis
GERD, aspiration, postnasal drip
IPF, ILD, sarcodosis, silicosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Numbness

A

Postictal paresis, deg disc dz, polyradiculopathy
Diabetic neuropathy, B12 vit deficiency
MS, vasculitis, myasthenia gravis, osteomyelitis
neurosyphilis, intracranial abscess or tumor, MM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Difficulty walking

A

Vascular insufficiency/claudication, aneurysm
Joint pain/osteoarthritis, RA, psoriatic arthritis
Ataxia/stroke, intracranial abscess or tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dental pain

A 
Vasculitis
Trigeminal neuralgia
TMJ dysfunction
Caries, periodontitis 
dentin hypersensitivity
bruxism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dyspareunia

A 
Endometriosis
Atrophic vaginitis
PID, cervicitis, UTI
Vaginismus, sexual abuse
cervical or endometrial cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dysphagia

A 
Systemic sclerosis/sjogren's
esophagitis, gastritis
esophageal stricture, webs (plummer vinson syndrome)
Zenker diverticulum
esophageal cancer
achalasia, ALS
mitral valve stenosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tinnitus/hearing loss

A 
Otitis media
Labyrinthitis, meniere's 
TIA, stroke
ototoxicity (aspirin, loop diuretics, abx)
otosclerosis, presbycusis
acoustic neuroma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bruising/bleeding

A 
HSP, ITP, TTP
vWF deficiency
malnutrition (vit C or K deficiency)
cirrhosis
actinic purpura
antcoagulant or antiplatelet use
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Joint pain

A 
RA, PA, SLE
gout, pseudogout
myositis, rhabdomyolysis
fibromyalgia, PMR, DVT
sprain ligament or meniscal tear
rheumatic fever, parvovirus B19
disseminated gonococcus, septic joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Eye pain/redness

A

Conjunctivitis (bacterial vs viral)
Uveitis (IBD)
allergies
keratitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fatigue

A 
Hypothyroid, hypocortisol, hypoglycemia
HF, valve dz, PND
anemia, cancer
OSA, insomnia, PLMD
depression, PTSD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fever/night sweats

A

TB, endocarditis, HIV, osteomyelitis
blood cancer, SLE, RA, Still’s dz
IBD, vasculitis
drug induced fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Flank pain

A

nephrolithiasis, glomerulonephritis
pyelonephritis, UTI, ascending cystitis
Polycystic kidney dz
Nephroblastoma, RCC

22
Q

Genital discharge or ulcers

A 
Bacterial vaginosis, trichomonas, gonorrhea
syphilis, candidiasis, chlamydia
HSV, HPV
UTI, urethritis, pyelonephritis
pregnancy
23
Q

Hallucinations

A 
Schizophrenia
Schizoaffective
Schizophreniform
Schizoid personality disorder
Schizotypal personality disorder
Psychosis 2/2 other medical condition or drug
24
Q

Headache

A 
Stroke, ICH, SAH, vascular malformation
migraine vs tension vs cluster headache
trigeminal neuralgia
Pseudotumor cerebri
Partial seizure
cavernous sinus thrombosis
temporal arteritis, TMJ dysfunction
dehydration, hypoglycemia. caffeine withdrawal
25
Q

Hematemesis

A 
Aortic aneurysm-duodenal fistula
PUD, dieulafoy lesion
mallory weiss tear, boerhaave syndrome
variceal bleeding 2/2 cirrhosis
gastric vs esophageal cancer
EtOH abuse, caustic ingestion
NSAID vs warfarin use
26
Q

Hemoptysis

A 
Goodpasture, GPA
IPF, pneumoconiosis, ARDS
TB, blastomyces, coccidioides
invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Lung cancer, med induced pneumonitis
bronchiectasis
PE
27
Q

Constipation/indigestion

A 
gastrinoma/ZES, vipoma
pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis
IBD, scleroderma
giardia, gastroenteritis
pancreatitis, diverticulosis, gallstones
antacid abuse
ovarian, gastric, colorectal ca
28
Q

Hot flashes

A

menopause, pregnancy
insulinoma, glucagonoma, pheochromocytoma
estrogen producing sex cord/stromal tumor
(granulosa cell or thecoma)
carcinoid tumor
hormone abuse
EtOH use

29
Q

Irritable infant

A 
Pyloric stenosis
Duodenal atresia
Hirschsprung dz, volvulus
Lactose intolerance
Meckel's diverticulum
Otitis, URI, UTI, meningitis, sepsis
colic, formula allergy, insufficient fiber
30
Q

jaundice

A

biliary stricture, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis
Rotor or Dubin Johnson syndrome (conjugated)
Criggler Najjar or Gilbert syndrome (unconjugated)
Acute vs chronic hepatitis
PBC vs PSC, hemolysis
Pancreatic ca, cholangiocarcinoma
sarcoidosis, A1AT, Wilsons, hemochromatosis

31
Q

Weight loss

A 
Hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism
malignancy, multiple myeloma
celiac, IBD, pancreatic insufficiency
lactose intolerance, SBO, constipation
RA, SLE, PMR
subacute endocarditis, TB, HIV
anosmia, depression, EtOH abuse, laxative use
32
Q

Depressed mood

A

MDD, PTSD, normal bereavement
adjustement disorder, schizoaffective
GAD, panic disorder, specific phobia
substance abuse, hypothyroidism

33
Q

Mouth lesions

A

varicella, herpes simplex stomatitis
herpangina, HFMD
pemphigus vulgaris, sjogren’s, xerostomia
aphthous ulcers, BCC, oral leukplakia

34
Q

Nausea/vomiting

A 
gallstones, appendicitis
achalasia, obstruction
gastritis, gastroenteritis
food borne toxins, norovirus, rotavirus
meniere's stroke, vestibular neuritis, BPPV
opiate ileus, digoxin, antibiotics
atypical angina
35
Q

neck pain

A 
head and neck cancer, spinal mets
retropharyngeal abscess
infected branchial cleft cyst
Lyme dz, lymphadenitis
torticollis, TMJ dysfunction, DJD
carotid dissection, vertebrobasilar insufficiency
36
Q

Palpitations

A

arrhythmia, angina, mitral valve prolapse
hyperthyroidism, hypoglycemia, stimulant abuse
FAD, panic attack, specific phobia
carcinoid syndrome, pheochromocytoma

37
Q

Pruritus/rash

A

conjugated hyperbilirubinemia 2/2 cholestasis
atopic vs seborrheic dermatitis
contact dermatitis
psoriasis, xerosis
pediculosis, scabies, dermatophyte infection
cutaneous T cell lymphoma (mycosys fungoides)
polycythmeia vera, uremia

38
Q

Syncope

A

seizure, stroke, encephalitis
arrhythmia, embolic stroke, valvular dysfunction, PE
adrenal insufficiency, hypovolemia, hypernatremia
hypoglycemia, overdose, drug induced hypotension

39
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Peyronie’s dz, arterial insufficiency, atherosclerosis
hypogonadism, DM neuropathy
psychogenic (depression, anxiety)
drug induced (antidepressant, anticholinergic)

40
Q

Urinary problem

A 
Prostate cancer, RCC
urethritis, cystitis, prostatitis, STD
atrophic vaginitis, lichen sclerosus
BPH, kidney stones
cognitive impairment
diabetes mellitus
stress vs urge vs overflow incontinence
41
Q

hematuria

A 
kidney stones, pyelonephritis, acute GN
bladder Ca, RCC, prostate ca
polycystic kidney dz
rhabdomyolysis
hemolysis
42
Q

vertigo/dizziness

A 
BPPV, vestibular neuritis
Meniere's, labyrinthitis
cerebellar or brainstem infarct
vertebrobasilar insufficiency
acoustic neuroma
panic attack, agoraphobia
orthostasis 2/2 diuretics, diarrhea
43
Q

Weight gain

A 
PCOS
Cushings
steroid use
substance abuse cessation
fluid overload (liver or kidney failure, CHF)
insulinoma
44
Q

Short stature

A 
Hypogonadism, hypothyroidism
Turner syndrome
GH deficiency
familial short stature
malnutrition, vit deficiency
45
Q

Wheezing/stridor

A 
Asthma, COPD
Bronchitis, foreign body
tracheomalacia
epiglottitis
allergic rhinitis
angieodema, anaphylaxis
pulmonary edema (CHF)
CF, bronchiectasis
46
Q

infant with rash

A 
5th dz, rubella, roseola
varicella
scarlet fever
meningococcus meningitis
measles
47
Q

Infant with diarrhea

A

Viral gastroenteritis (norovirus, rotavirus)
Bacterial enteritis (salmonella, Campylobacter, shigella)
Malabsorption (milk, juice)
UTI, bacteremia, meningitis
intussusception

48
Q

infant with seizure

A 
epilepsy
simple febrile seizure
brain tumor
meningitis
hyponatremia
49
Q

infant with jaundice

A

congenital infection
physiologic jaundice
unconjugated (criggler najjar, gilbert)
conjugated (dubin johnson, rotor syndrome)
hemolytic dz of newborn
breast milk jaundice (late onset, persistent)
breastfeeding jaundice (early onset, insufficient intake)

50
Q

Tremor

A 
Heavy metal poisoning
Parkinsons
Essential tremor
physiologic tremor
drug induced tremor
Wilson's disease
51
Q

trauma after MVA

A

Pneumothorax/hemothorax
Splenic rupture
Pleuritis/pleural effusion
RIb fracture

Step 2CS (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions