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Drug Card Quizzes > DCQ4 > Flashcards

DCQ4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the brand name for Mirabegron?

A

-Myrbetriq

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2
Q

What is Mirabegron?

A

-A urinary bladder modifier

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3
Q

What are the common forms of Mirabegron?

A

-Tablets: 25mg, 50mg
-Granules for Recon: 8mg/mL

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4
Q

What are the FDA indications for Mirabegron?

A

-Treatment of overactive bladder (OAB)

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5
Q

What is the recommended starting dose for Mirabegron?

A

-25mg once daily, after 8 weeks the dose can be increased to 50mgonce daily.

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6
Q

What is the dose for those with sever renal or hepatic impairment for Mirabegron?

A

-maximum should be 25 mg daily

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7
Q

What should you monitor with Mirabegron?

A

-BP

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8
Q

What is the Pharmacology for Mirabegron?

A

-Mirabegron is a Beta-3 adrenergic agonist. Stimulation of the beta-3 adrenergic receptor in the bladder relaxes the detrusor smooth muscle during the storage phase of the urinary bladder fill-void cycle.

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9
Q

What are some drug interactions for Mirabegron?

A

-inhibits CYP2D6
-it may increase exposure to drugs metabolized by CYP2D6
-may increase digoxin levels

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10
Q

What are some contraindications for Mirabegron?

A

-not recommended for those with severe uncontrolled hypertension, end stage renal disease, or those with sever hepatic impairment.
-use caution in nursing mothers and those taking antimuscarinics.

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11
Q

What are the adverse effects of Mirabegron?

A

-hypertension, urinary tract infection, urinary retention, headaches, and nasopharyngitis.

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12
Q

What is some patient consultation for Mirabegron?

A

-can be taken with or without food
-swallow whole

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13
Q

What is the brand for Sotalol Hydrochloride?

A

-Betapace

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14
Q

What is Sotalol?

A

-an anti arrhythmic

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15
Q

Is Sotalol on the BEERS list?

A

-YES

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16
Q

What is the normal dose range for Sotalol?

A
  • 80mg to 160mg twice a day
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17
Q

What are common forms of Sotalol?

A

-Tablets: 80mg, 120mg, 160mg, and 240mg
-Tablets AF: 80mg, 120mg, 160mg

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18
Q

What are FDA indications for Sotalol?

A

-treatment of ventricular arrhythmias

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19
Q

What should you monitor with Sotalol?

A

-CrCl, K

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20
Q

What is the pharmacology for Sotalol?

A

-it has both beta-adrenergic blocking and cardiac action potential duration prolongation antiarrhythmic properties

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21
Q

What are some drug interactions for Sotalol?

A

-Class Ia anti arrhythmic drugs and other Class III drugs are not recommended to take with this.
-Antacids bind to solalol and should be avoided within at least two hours of dosing

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22
Q

What are some contraindications for Sotalol?

A

-Contraindicated in those with bronchial asthma, sinus bradycardia, second and third degree AV block etc.
-use with cause in those being treated for congestive heart failure
-correct any electrolyte imbalances before
-use with caution in those with renal impairment
-Pregnancy category B

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23
Q

What are some adverse effects for Sotalol?

A

-fatigue, bradycardia, dyspnea, proarrhythmias, asthenia, and dizziness.

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24
Q

What are some consultations for Sotalol?

A

-May cause drowsiness
-patients with diabetes be aware that it can cause masking of hypoglycemic symptoms

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25
Q

What are the brand names for Amiodarone?

A

-Cordarone
-Pacerone
-Nexterone

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26
Q

What is Amiodarone?

A

-an anti arrhythmic

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27
Q

What are common forms for Amiodarone?

A

-tablets: 100mg, 200mg, and 400 mg
-injection: 50mg/mL in 3 mL vials and syringes in 150mg/100mL and 360mg/200mL premixed containers

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28
Q

What are the FDA indications for Amiodarone?

A

-for treatment of recurrent ventricular fibrillation and recurrent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia.
-for treatment and prophylaxis

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29
Q

What is the usual maintenance dosage form of Amiodarone?

A

-400mg per day

30
Q

What should you monitor with Amiodarone?

A

-LFT, PFT, Chest X-ray

31
Q

Is Amiodarone on the BEERS list?

A

-YES

32
Q

What is the pharmacology of Amiodarone?

A

-it is a class III antiarrhythmic with its primary mechanism of action being lengthening of the cardiac action potential and also shows some noncompetitive alpha and beta blocking capabilities and negative chronotropic effects.

33
Q

What are some possible drug interactions with Amiodarone?

A

-it may increase the effects of warfarin, phenytoin, digoxin, quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide, fentanyl, felcainide, lidocaine, and cyclosporine. grapefruit may increase serum levels.

34
Q

What are some contraindications for Amiodarone?

A

-contraindicated in those with cardiogenic shock, marked sinus bradychardia, and second or thirs degree AV block unless functioning pacemaker is avaliable. Do not use in nursing mothers. Pregnancy Category D.

35
Q

What are some adverse effects for Amiodarone?

A

-hypotension, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest, congestive heart failure, bradycardia, liver function test abnormalities, pulmonary fibrosis, ventricular tachycardia and AV block.

36
Q

What are consultations for Amiodarone?

A

-doses should be taken consistently in regards to meals, preferably with meals.
-avoid overexposure to sunlight due to possibility of photosensitivity.
-do not become pregnant during therapy.
-avoid grapefruit.

37
Q

What is the brand name for Spironolactone?

A

-Aldactone

38
Q

What is Spironolactone?

A

-A diuretic

39
Q

Is spironolactone on the BEERS list?

A

-YES
>25mg/day

40
Q

What are the common forms of spironolactone?

A

-Tablets: 25mg, 50mg, and 100mg

41
Q

What are the FDA indications for spironolactone?

A

-edema
-treatment of essential hypertension
- treatment of hypokalemia
-treatement of primary hyperaldosteronism

42
Q

What is the common dosage for spironolactone?

A

-initially 100mg per day with adjustments at 5 day intervals to a maintenance dose of 25mg to 200mg per day.

43
Q

What is the pharmacology for spironolactone?

A

-works by competitive antagonism of aldosterone, primarily at the aldosterone-dependent Na+/K+ exchange sites in the distal convoluted renal tubule.

44
Q

What are some drug interactions for spironolactone?

A

-hyperkalemia may occur when used with captopril and other potassium-sparing medications, (including potassium supplements)
-effects may occue when used with digital glycosides

45
Q

What are contraindications for Spironolactone?

A

-contraindicated in those with anuria, acute renal insufficiency and impairment of renal function or hypersensitivity to sulfonamides.
-hepatic failure
-use with caution in pregnant and nursing women
-those taking this could be monitored for electrolytes and fluid disturbances

46
Q

What are some adverse effects for Spironolactone?

A

-diarrhea, drowsiness, headache, amenorrhea, weakness, confusion, dry mouth, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting

47
Q

What are patient consultations for Spironolactone?

A

-usually given in the early morning
-may be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs
-may cause drowsiness

48
Q

What is the brand name for Metolazone?

A

-Zaroxolyn

49
Q

What is Metolazone?

A

-a diuretic

50
Q

Is Metolazone on the BEERS list?

A

-NO

51
Q

What are common forms of Metolazone?

A

-Tablets: 2.5mg, 5mg, and 10mg

52
Q

What are FDA indications for Metolazone?

A

-adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure
-control of hypertension

53
Q

What is the common dose of Metolazone?

A

-5mg to 20mg once daily

54
Q

What is the dose of Metolazone for hypertension?

A

-2.5mg to 5mg once daily

55
Q

What should you monitor with Metolazone?

A

-K, Na

56
Q

Pharmacology: What does Metolazone inhibit?

A
  • inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride at the cortical diluting site and in the proximal convoluted tubule.
57
Q

What are drug interactions for metolazone?

A

-when used with furosemide loss of fluid and electrolytes can occur
-electrolyte imbalances may cause arrhythmias
-may increase lithium levels
-may decrease effects of methenamine
-may increase effects of neuromuscular blocking agents

58
Q

What are some adverse effects of metolazone?

A

-dry mouth, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, anemia, weakness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anorexia, GI distress, rash, joint pain/

59
Q

What would be patient consultation for Metolazone?

A

-may be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs
-usually given in the early AM

60
Q

What is the brand name for Chlothalidone?

A

-Hygroton

61
Q

What is Chlorthalidone?

A

-a diuretic

62
Q

What are the common forms for Chlorthalidone?

A

Tablets: 25mg and 50 mg

63
Q

Is Chlorthalidone on the BEERS list?

A

-NO

64
Q

What are the FDA indications for Chlorthalidone?

A

-edjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure
-treatement of hypertension

65
Q

What is the common dose for Chlorthalidone?

A

-50mg daily

66
Q

What is the dose of Chlorthalidone for hypertension?

A

-25mg daily at first, may increase to 50mg or 100mg per day.

67
Q

Pharmacology: what does Chlorthalidone inhibit?

A

-inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption at the cortical diluting segment of the ascending limb of Henle’s loop.

68
Q

What are some drug interactions for Chlorthalidone?

A

-may decrease sulfonylurea hypoglycemia
-electrolyte disturbances may cause arrhythmias
-using with diazoxide may cause hyperglycemia
-may increase lithium serum levels

69
Q

What are some contraindications for Chlorthalidone?

A

-contraindicated in those with anuria or who are hypersensitive to sulfonamide derived drugs
-caution with those with cirrhosis, gout, impaired renal or hepatic functions, diabetes and those taking corticosteroids or ACTH

70
Q

What are adverse effects associated with Chlorthalidone?

A

-dry mouth, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, anemia, weakness, dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, anorexia, GI distress, rash

71
Q

What are patient consultations for Chlorthalidone?

A

-may be taken with food or milk if GI upset occurs
-usually given in the early AM
-avoid excess exposure to sunlight

Drug Card Quizzes (4 decks)

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