DBMS (2)

Question 1

facilitate data manipulation tasks by accepting parameters, executing computations, and delivering results.

Answer 1

SQL FUNCTIONS

Question 2

operate on sets of values, producing a single result from multiple rows. Common aggregate functions include SUM(), AVG(), COUNT(), MIN(), and MAX(). They are instrumental in performing calculations across groups of data, often in conjunction with the GROUP BY clause.

Answer 2

AGGREGATE FUNCTION

Question 3

operate on individual values, transforming or manipulating them in various ways. ________ functions find wide application in formatting, validation, and manipulation of data within SQL queries.

Answer 3

SCALAR FUNCTIONS

Question 4

also known as string functions, are a subset of scalar functions in SQL that specifically operate on character or string data.

Answer 4

CHARACTER FUNCTION

Question 5

function is a type of SQL function that operates on numeric data types, such as integers or floating-point numbers. These functions perform various mathematical operations or transformations on numeric values and return a single numeric result.

Answer 5

NUMERIC SCALAR

Question 6

This is used to perform operations on a set of values and return a single result.

Answer 6

AGGREGATE FUNCTION

Question 7

is a mathematical function that takes a single value as in input and produces a single value as output. Scalar functions can operate on scalar inputs using various mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and etc. By using select, where and having.

Answer 7

SCALAR FUNCTIONS

Question 8

OTHER NUMERICAL FUNCTIONS

Answer 8

SQRT(attribute):
CEILING(attribute):
ABS(attribute):
FLOOR(attribute)
SQUARE(attribute)

Question 9

generates a date by incrementing a designated portion of a
given date by a specified value.

Answer 9

DATEADD

Question 10

returns the difference between two parts of a date

Answer 10

DATEDIFF

Question 11

returns the specified part of the date requested

Answer 11

DATEPART

Question 12

returns the specified part of the date requested.

Answer 12

GETDATE()

Question 13

emerge as versatile tools for conditional logic. These statements enable us to execute different actions based on varying conditions within our database queries.

Answer 13

CASE

Question 14

Then for a single condition you can write the keyword WHEN followed by the condition that has to be satisfied. After that comes the keyword THEN and the value for that condition, like WHEN <condition> THEN <stuff></stuff></condition>

Answer 14

CASE

Question 15

is a special type of stored procedure that automatically runs when an event occurs in the database server. In SQL, a ______is like a special set of instructions that automatically gets executed when certain events happen in your database. These events could be things like inserting a new row into a table, updating an existing row, or deleting a row.

Answer 15

TRIGGERS

Question 16

3 TYPES OF DATABASE TRIGGERS

Answer 16

DDL TRIGGERS (DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE)
DML (DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE)
LOGON TRIGGERS

Question 17

SQL means?

Answer 17

Structured Query Language

Question 18

is a component of Structured Query Language (SQL) that deals with defining and modifying the structure of database objects. It focuses on creating and managing the schema of the database.

CREATE
DROP
TRUNCATE.
ALTER

Answer 18

DDL or DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE

Question 19

are special stored procedures that are automatically executed or fired in response to specific ______________ events on tables or views. These events include INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations.

Answer 19

DML triggers (Data Manipulation
Language triggers)

Question 20

is fired automatically on a _____ event. It created at the server level. We can use this to control the SQL login security.

Answer 20

LOGON Triggers

Question 21

used to concatenate two or more strings into a single string.

Answer 21

CONCAT():

Question 22

used to converts all characters in a string to uppercase.

Answer 22

UPPER()

Question 23

used to converts all characters in a string to lowercase.

Answer 23

LOWER()

Question 24

used to extracts a substring from a given string

Answer 24

SUBSTRING()

Question 25

used to replaces all occurrences of a substring within a string with another substring.

Answer 25

REPLACE()

Question 26

returns the length of a string.

Answer 26

LEN()

Question 27

used to round a numeric value to a specified number of decimal places.

Answer 27

ROUND()

Question 28

This function returns the smallest integer value greater than or equal to the specified attribute, rounding up if the attribute contains decimal places.

Answer 28

CEILING(attribute):

Question 29

It returns the largest integer value less than or equal to the specified attribute, rounding down if the attribute contains decimal places.

Answer 29

FLOOR(attribute):

Question 30

This function calculates and returns the square root of a positive numeric attribute.

Answer 30

SQRT(attribute):

Question 31

It returns the absolute value of any numeric attribute, disregarding its sign.

Answer 31

ABS(attribute):

Question 32

This function squares the provided
attribute, returning the result.

Answer 32

SQUARE(attribute):