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EBS > Day Three theory- Rum And Tequila > Flashcards

Day Three theory- Rum And Tequila Flashcards

1
Q

What did Christopher Columbus take to the Central America in 1492 and plant there?

A

Sugarcane

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2
Q

What two products can be used to make rum?

A

Sugar cane and molasses

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3
Q

When did column distillation make it to the Caribbean?

A

1848

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4
Q

What reached the Caribbean islands in 1848?

A

Column-distillation

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5
Q

When was Bacardi founded?

A

1862

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6
Q

What are the two types of rum and what are the differences?

A

Rhum Agricole (made from sugar cane directly)

Rhum Industrielle (made from the byproduct molasses)

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7
Q

How long is the fermentation process for rum?

A

Half a day to several days

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8
Q

What is Rhum Agricole?

A

Rhum Agricole (made from sugar cane directly)

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9
Q

What is Rhum Industrielle?

A

Rhum Industrielle (made from the byproduct molasses)

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10
Q

What two ways can rum be distilled?

A

Pot or column distillation

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11
Q

What difference does it make what height you draw rum from a column still?

A

The purest rum and the one richest in alcohol, is drawn from the top of the column. Drawing from the bottom leaves you with a heavier and more aromatic rum, with a low alcohol percentage.

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12
Q

What is a lot of rum aged in?

A

Old whiskey casks made of American white oak

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13
Q

What are the four geographical classifications of rum?

A

The French islands
Cuba
Jamaica
Guyana (Demerara)

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14
Q

French islands rum (read)

A

Almost exclusively rum agricole
Produced directly from cane juice, not molasses
Single column still
Most rum agricole originates from Martinique or Guadalupe

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15
Q

Cuban rum (read)

A

Famous brands include Havana club and Bacardi

Bacardi is no longer made in Cuba- only Havana club carries the Cuban warranty seal

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16
Q

Jamaican rum (read)

A

Pot distilled

Dark, very aromatic, has its own individual style

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17
Q

Guyana/Demerara rum (read)

A

Very sweet, almost caramelised
Prouduced on the banks of the Demerara river
15 year old El Dorado rum is ranked highly among the worlds aged rums

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18
Q

Cachaça rum (read)

A

Produced from cane juice, and consequently, bears a slight resemblance to rum agricole

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19
Q

Classic rum brands

A 
Bacardi
Havana club
Captain Morgan's
Appleton
El Dorado 
La Mauny
Sailor Jerry's
20
Q

When was Bacardi founded and by who?

A

1862, by Facundo Bacardi

21
Q

Where is Bacardi produced mainly today?

A

Puerto Rico - moved operations during Castro’s reforms

22
Q

When was Havana club founded and by who?

A

1872 by José Archebala

23
Q

When was captain Morgan’s founded and by who and where?

A

Jamaica, 1940s, by Seagram’s

24
Q

When was Appleton rum founded and which famous distillery now owns it?

A

1749, Wray and Nephew distillery

25
Q

When was El Dorado rum founded and by who?

A

1992 by Demerara Distillers

26
Q

When was La Mauny Rum founded, where and which Liqeuer manufacturer now owns it?

A

Martinique, 1920, Marie Brizzard

27
Q

Which early civilisation began drinking tequila, or pulque as it was then known, and when?

A

Olmecs in Mesoamerica over 3,000 years ago

28
Q

Who discovered the Caribbean islands and when?

A

Christopher Columbus in 1492

29
Q

What was the discovery that turned pulque to mescal?

A

That boiling the heart of the agave plant released the juice and made it easier to ferment and distill it

30
Q

What does mescal mean?

A

Agave heart

31
Q

What is the preferred agave for tequila?

A

Blue agave plant, Agave Azul Tequilana Weber

32
Q

How long does it take for the agave plant, known as Maguey, to grow to make tequila?

A

8-10years

33
Q

How is tequila distilled and in what?

A

Twice in Alambic Charentaise pot stills

34
Q

What standardised rules is Tequila subject to?

A

NOM (Normas Oficiales Mexicana)

35
Q

Tequila can only be produced from agave that grows in the following areas:

A 
Jalisco
Tamaulipas
Nayarit
Guanajuato
Michoacan
36
Q

What is the minimum amount of agave used in tequila? And what makes up the other 49%

A

51%

Other sugars, typically sugar cane juice

37
Q

What are tequilas of less than 100% agave known as?

A

Mixto

38
Q

Facts about 100% agave tequila and the four subcategories

A

Must contain 100% agave
May only be bottles in a distillery in Mexico
Blanco, reposado, anejo, reserva

39
Q

Facts about Mixto tequila and the four subcategories

A

Has to have at least 51% agave juice from the blue agave plant
Can be exported and bottled in other countries
Blanco, Oro, Reposado and Anejo

40
Q

Fact about blanco tequila

A

Original tequila

Bottled imeadiatekg after distillation

41
Q

What is reposado tequila?

A

Blanco tequila maturer in white oak casks (called pipones) for more than two months but up to one year

42
Q

What is anejo tequila?

A

Blanco tequila matured in white oak casks for at least one year

43
Q

What is reserva tequila?

A

Not regulated by law but some manufactures age it for up to 8 years

44
Q

What are the 5 subcategories of tequila?

A 
Blanco
Oro/gold
Reposado
Anejo
Reserva
45
Q

Classic brands of tequila

A 
Jose Cuervo
Olmeca
Sierra
Herradura
Patron

EBS (8 decks)

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