Day three Flashcards

1
Q

How often are level 1 patients having observations?

A

4 hourly

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2
Q

How often are level 1 patients having observations?

A

4 hourly

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3
Q

Level 2 patients

A

Patients on CPAP or Bipap requiring single organ support

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4
Q

SIRS

A
2 or more signs of inflammation:
T >38 or <36
HR >90
WCC>12 or <4
RR>20
Altered conscious level
BM >7.7 (if not diabetic)
If patient is neutropenic then just 1 of the above
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5
Q

Which level of patients are managed in ICU?

A

Level 3

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6
Q

Where are level 2 patients managed?

A

HDU

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7
Q

Name the types of distributive shock?

A
Sepsis (commonest)
Anaphylaxis
neurogenic shock
liver failure
adrenal insufficiency
drugs and toxic exposures
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8
Q

For BUFFALO, what level of lactate may indicate shock?

A

> 3mmol/l

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9
Q

What base excess may indicated shock?

A
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10
Q

How do ionotropes work?

A

These work by increasing the contractility of the heart and often the rate. (usually acting on beta receptors).

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11
Q

How do vasopressors work?

A

These work by causing vasoconstriction of the peripheral vasculature, and act on alpha receptors.

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12
Q

Level 2 patients

A

Patients on CPAP or Bipap requiring single organ support

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13
Q

SIRS

A
2 or more signs of inflammation:
T >38 or <36
HR >90
WCC>12 or <4
RR>20
Altered conscious level
BM >7.7 (if not diabetic)
If patient is neutropenic then just 1 of the above
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14
Q

Which level of patients are managed in ICU?

A

Level 3

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15
Q

Where are level 2 patients managed?

A

HDU

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16
Q

Name the types of distributive shock?

A
Sepsis (commonest)
Anaphylaxis
neurogenic shock
liver failure
adrenal insufficiency
drugs and toxic exposures
17
Q

For BUFFALO, what level of lactate may indicate shock?

A

> 3mmol/l

18
Q

What base excess may indicated shock?

A
19
Q

How do ionotropes work?

A

These work by increasing the contractility of the heart and often the rate. (usually acting on beta receptors).

20
Q

How do vasopressors work?

A

These work by causing vasoconstriction of the peripheral vasculature, and act on alpha receptors.

21
Q

Which drug may you give in cardiogenic shock?

A

Ionotrope- dobutamine

22
Q

Which drug may you give in distributive shock?

A

Vasopressor such as noradrenaline.

23
Q

What is the difference between CPAP and biPAP?

A

BiPAP is the same as CPAP, but also with additional pressure to support inhalation.

24
Q

BIPAP terms?

A

EPAP-expiratory positive airway pressure, analogous to CPAP

IPAP-inspiratory positive airway pressure, the pressure given to support inspiration

25
Q

How does BiPAP work?

A

It increases minute volume by increasing tidal volume.

26
Q

Canon ball mets are associated with which cancers?

A

Renal cell, prostate, sarcoma

27
Q

Why can’t patients speak when intubated?

A

There is no air flow over the vocal chords.