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First Aid Level 2 > day 4 > Flashcards

day 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

best way to stop transfer of infection

A

hand washing

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2
Q

T or F; OFA attendants should not wear jewerly on fingers

A

T

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3
Q

when should you wear gloves

A

any time you touch patient bodily materials

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4
Q

when to wear eye protection

A

possibility of your eyes, nose or mouth being splashed by bodily materials

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5
Q

T or F: you must clean all your equipment and furniture in FA room

A

T

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6
Q

how to clean up bodily fluid spills

A

immediately with paper towels, detergent, water, bleach solution

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7
Q

you need a letter from a practitioner for presription drugs saying what

A

name of worker prescriped to

specific use, expiry

possible, expected reactions

side effects

dose, method

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8
Q

what is atherosclerosis

A

process where arteries become narrow

usually in brain, kidneys, vessels of lower aorta,

its a buildup of fatty deposites in inner walls

blood flow is restricted

vessel walls harden with plaque, blood pressure goes up, blood clots form, obstruct vessel

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9
Q

what is angina pectoris

A

heart muscle is working harder due to physical emotional stress, vessels could be narrowed too

theres a lack of oxygen, this causes discomfort

a pain, tightness, can be severe

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10
Q

symptom of angina pectoris

A

vary

pain, discomfort, builds up

below sternum, felt in arms, can go up neck and jaw

about 15 mins

pressure, squeezing

use nitroglycerin tablets

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11
Q

T or F; if you take erectile dysfunction meds, you shouldnt take nitroglycerin

A

T

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12
Q

T or F: you can give nitroglycerin tablet to someone

A

F; must be from doctor, prescribed

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13
Q

is angina pain RTC?

A

if not relieved by nitroglyerin, then yes

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14
Q

symptoms of heart attack

A

apprehension, feeling of doom
denial

weakness in arms

shortness of breath, cant breathe well

sweating

pallor

nausea, vomiting

want to shit

weak and rapid pulse

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15
Q

3 circulatory complications most often cause death

A

arrhythmia (disturbance in hearts rate)

congestive heart failure

cardiogenic shock

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16
Q

congestive heart failure

A

strength of contraction of left ventricle is decreased by myocardial infarction, heart cannot pump properly

blood backs up on left atrium, congestion develops, more pressure, pulmonary edema develops, plasma leaks into alveoli and bronchial walls

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17
Q

T or F; oxygen therapy should be given ASAP to anyone whos inhaled toxic chemicals

A

T

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18
Q

carbon monoxide

A

hard to detect

uses our hemoglobin, produces hypoxia, oxygen starvation

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19
Q

chlorine gas

A

smells bad

you may be able to see it

collects in low lying areas

irritates respiratory tract, inflames lungs, fluid accumulates

causes death

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20
Q

hydrogen sulphide

A

affects brain, you stop breathing

low lying collects

smells bad

explosive when mixed with air

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21
Q

T or F; ABCs come before treating ingested poison

A

T; provide treatment after head to toe in secondary survey

22
Q

treatment of conscious and breathing patient who ingested poison

A

dilute immediately with milk or water

23
Q

Poison control may advise you to:

A

provide activated charcoal if patient stopped vomiting (and it was non corrosive)

dont give it to them if they cant swallow or DLOC

watch them closely

24
Q

what is diabetes

A

the ability to regulate glucose is impaired

high glucose damages tissues and organs

25
Q

what does insulin do

A

hormone

transport gluose into bodys cells

without, cells cant get glucose

26
Q

how to treat unconscious hypoglycemia

A

small amount of sugar placed under lateral or 3/4 prone tongue

beware of choking

27
Q

T or F; most effective way to get someone glucose is intraveneously

A

T

28
Q

T or F; providing sugar to hyperglycemic patient will cause them harm

A

F

29
Q

different effects og incident stress

A

physical (nausea, weight loss, diarrhea, dizziness, headaches)

cognitive (cant concentrate, confusion)

emotional ( anxiety, guilt, anger, fear, grief)

behavioural (difficulty going places or being alone, drug use)

30
Q

management of critical incident stress

A

defusing session: short, confidential meeting of workers affected. professionals do it like a day later. explain the possible reactions, discuss how to take care of themselves, give info

debriefing session: confidential, nonjudgemental meeting to lessen trauma and stressful effects of incident. for those directly involved, to enhance recovery. held a couple days later

therapy!

31
Q

altered levels of consciousness

A

alchohol

head injury

these are 2 examples

32
Q

T or F; you must never attribute a altered level of conscoiousness to alcohol or drugs when there is evidence of other injury

A

T

33
Q

what is A E I O U T R I P S

A

alcohol

epilepsy

insulin

overdose

uremia (kidney failure)

trauma

respiration

infection

poisoning

stroke

34
Q

which scale to use to determine level of consciousness

A

AVPU

35
Q

T or F; patients who are now alert, but were once DLOC or not conscious, are in RTC

A

F; they do need medical assessment though

36
Q

what should you watch out for when patients have brain injury

A

vomiting; so they dont choke

if unconscious, NEVER IN SUPINE LEFT ALONE

37
Q

stroke

A

non traumatic brain injury

a rupture of a cerebral artery

permanent damage to brain tissue

38
Q

2 types of strokes

A

ischemic (blockage or narrowing of cerebral artery)

hemorrhagic strokes (rupture of cerebral artery) brain bleeding, impaired circulation

39
Q

FAST

A

face arms speech time

40
Q

seizures can be caused by

A

not taking medication

alcohol intoxication or withdrawal

drug abuse

hypoglycemia

stroke

head injury

meningitis

high fever

hypoxia

hypertension

brain tumour

41
Q

types of seizures

A

generalized (grand mal and absence)

focal/partial (simple and complex)

42
Q

grand mal seizure

A

generalized tonic clonic

most common

classic pattern

patient may feel it coming, cry out

convulsions, contraction, passes out

43
Q

absence (petit mal ) seizure

A

very brief

usually in kids

they stare into space, unresponsve, wont speak

then they come back

44
Q

simple partial (focal motor) seizure

A

only part of the brain, motor activity

may progress to generalized tonic clonic

it is like a tonic clonic, but they are repsonsive

45
Q

complex partial (temporal lobe) seizure

A

altered behaviour, no decrease in consciousness

dizziness, strange sensations

altered mental status, display of automatic behaviour

hallucinate, act weird

46
Q

info needed when seizure suspected?

A

name, contact info of direct witness

were they unconscious>

unresponsive?

what were they doing before?

was there an aura?

where did seizure begin (arm, face), did it progress to general area

when did it start, its length

what direction were the eyes looking

were extremeties limp?

patients colour

did they bite their tongue

do they have seizures usually?

medication for it?

any other illnesses?

47
Q

what do spinal discs do

A

act as shock absorbers between vertebrae

48
Q

which mechanisms must you assume trauamtic spinal injury

A

motor vehicle crashes

falls, even if onto feet

any direct blow to spine

diving into shallow water

gunshot,knife, penetrating injuries to spine

severe electric shock

facial, head injuries

49
Q

what happens with spinal nerve injury

A

pain

partial loss of sensation and motor strength in one extremity

50
Q

things to keep in mind when dealing with possible spinal injury

A

mechanism of injury

pain, if conscious

pain on movement

tenderness over bony projections

numbness, tingling, weakness

deformity

swelling

First Aid Level 2 (3 decks)

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