day 3 ppt Flashcards
under the age of 1 ______ make up all the calories in a child’s diet:
liquids
bottling and breast feeding requires more _______
frequent swallowing in a specific pattern
infants are more or less likely to show outward signs of swallow dysfunction?
less likely to show outward signs
reflexes turn to _____
volition
want the child to view feeding as
a positive experience
suck - swallow reflex:
suck documented from 11-15 w gestation. sucking reflex is present at 29-30 w
rooting:
begins at 28-30 w gestation and intergrates at 4 mon
gag reflex fx:
survival response protects the airway
gag O
often not present unitl 32 weeks gestation
suck swallow and breathe combine when
often not till 34 weeks
physiological flexion helps provide:
stability for the oral movements
physiological flexion causes
a tight chest wall
cervical and thoracic spinal areas are what in a newborn
underdeveloped haven’t curved out yet
respiratory rate increases with
increased activity
a norm respiratory rate for a newborn is
38-60 beats a min
etiology of feeding difficulties catergories:
congenital defect in anatomy neurological neuromuscular condition gastrological condition sensory differences trauma cardiac conditions prematurity
neurological problems include:
seizures chiari malformation spina bifidia stroke in utero muscle tone concerns
gastrological condtions:
infant reflux gastrophageal reflux disease
poor motility
short gut
constipation
cardiac conditions:
vocal cord paralysis poor perfusion to GI tract often do not have early opportunites for eating poor endurance higher rates of aspiration/penetraction
comorbidities with cardiac conditions:
down’s syndrome
digeorge
midline defects
prematurity causes:
- lack of flexor tone
- depending on PMA their reflexes
- weaker muscle tone around mouth and less tongue strength
- retracted/tip elevated tongue
- negative experience to oral cavity
development assessment includes:
head control
trunk control
fine and gross motor coordination
prolonged sucking:
lengthy sucking burst without appropriate breaths
infant no able to pace respirations with swallow
prolonged sucking leads to
cyanotic bradcardic
short sucking bursts
appropriate suck/swallow/breathe ration but pauses too frequently and long
efficiency and intake compromised
short sucking burst usually related to
swallowing respiratory difficulties
