Day 2 Flashcards
Boon (n)
Benefit, advantage, blessing
Ex: the bus servia is a real boon to people in the village
Breakthrough (n)
Development, advancement, progress, quantum leap
Ex: scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer
Brew (v)
Make, develop, start, foment
Ex: Every beer on the menu was brewed locally.
Ex: He read the paper while the tea brewed.
Ex: freshly brewed coffee
Ex: There’s trouble brewing in the office.
Ex: If a storm is brewing, it will happen soon
Burgeon (v)
Develop: flourish: grow: expand
Ex: My confidence started to burgeon later in life.
Ex: the burgeoning market for digital cameras
Cardinal (adj)
Principal: capital: central: chief: fundamental: leading: main: primary
اساسی - بنیادین - اصلی
Ex: we must become aware of the cardinal importance of roads and railways
Ex: Having clean hands is one of the rules when preparing food.
Ex: an issue of cardinal importance
Celebrated (adj)
Renowned: eminent: noted: acclaimed: prominent: distinguished
نامدار ، مشهور
Ex: a celebrated actress
Ex: a celebrated legal case
Chaotic (adj)
Disordered: anarchic: confused: riotous
Ex: a chaotic mixture of images
Ex: The filthy and chaotic house
Ex: Chaotic social and economic conditions
Chronic (adj)
Never-ending, continuous, Persistent
Ex: Chronic arthritis/heart disease
Ex: chronic unemployment
Ex: There is a chronic shortage of teachers.
Ex: He was a chronic alcoholic and unable to hold down a job.
Ex: a chronic smoker
Ex: The service is chronically underfunded.
Cling to (v)
Stick: adhere: clasp: embrace: grip: hug
Ex: Passengers clung desperately onto the lifeboats.
Ex: His wet shirt clung to his body.
Ex: The smell of cigarette smoke clung to her clothes.
Ex: an attempt to cling to power
Collide (v)
Crash: clash: conflict
Ex: Istanbul, where east and west collide
Ex: A car and a van collided on the motorway.
Ex: I ran around the corner, and almost collided with Mrs. Laurence.
Ex: Two trains collided head-on (=when they were moving directly towards each other).
Ex: The President has again collided with Congress over his budget plans.
Comprise (v)
Contain: Be composed to: consist of: embrace: encompass
دربرداشتن، شامل بودن
Ex: The house comprises two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a living room.
Ex: The committee is comprised of well-known mountaineers.
Ex: Women comprise a high proportion of part-time workers.
Consensus (n)
Agreement: assent: unanimity: concord
توافق گسترده، رضایت و موافقت عمومی
Ex: The general consensus was that technology was a good thing.
Ex: a lack of consensus about the aims of the project
Ex: There is a consensus among teachers that children should have a broad understanding of the world.
Ex: The EU Council of Finance Ministers failed to reach a consensus on the pace of integration.
Congregate (v)
Assemble: convene: gather
جمع شدن، اجتماع کردن
Ex: Crowds began to congregate to hear President’s speech.
Conspicuous (adj)
- Obvious: blatant: clear: evident:
- salient: outstanding: remarkable: striking
Ex: The notice must be displayed in a conspicuous place.
Ex: I felt very conspicuous in my red coat.
Ex: He had represented Italy with conspicuous success.
Ex: The award is given for notable or conspicuous achievement in science.
Ex: a group that were conspicuous by their absence from the awards ceremony
Contentious (adj)
Argumentative: disputatious
دعوایی، ستیزه جو
Ex: he has a contentious nature
Ex: - a contentious topic موضوع بحثبرانگیز
Ex: the contentiousness of two of the guests ruined the party
Ex: Animal welfare did not become a contentious issue until the late 1970s.
Contiguous (adj)
= adjacent
Neighboring: adjacent: adjoining
America’s 48 contiguous states
Contrive (v)
manage: create: succeed, bring about
Ex: Schindler contrived to save more than 1,000 Polish Jews from the Nazis.
Ex: The lawsuit says oil companies contrived the oil shortage in the 1970s. (to do sth secretly)
Ex: In 1862, a technique was contrived to take a series of photographs showing stages of movement. (make sth skillfully)
Conviction (n)
Belief: creed: opinion: principle Certitude: confidence
Ex: a woman of strong political convictions
Ex: The Dotens have a deep conviction that marriage is for life.
Ex: The students possess the conviction that they can make a difference to their community.
Ex: He was able to say with conviction that he had changed.
Ex: ‘No,’ she said, without conviction.
Ex: It was a reasonable explanation, but his voice lacked conviction.
Ex: It took her so much effort to speak that what she said carried great conviction (=showed she felt sure of what she said).
Ex: Applicants are checked for criminal convictions.
Ex: This was her third conviction for theft.
Counterpart (n)
Match: complement: equal: mate: equivalent
قرین، همکار، همتا
Ex: Belgian officials are discussing this with their French counterparts.
Crisis (n)
Critical point: climax: emergency: plight: predicament
Ex: The country now faces an economic crisis.
Ex: The Prime Minister was criticized for the way in which he handled the crisis.
Ex: the current debt crisis
Ex: a major political crisis
Ex: I was relieved that we had averted yet another financial crisis.
Ex: Oil companies were heavily criticized when they made large profits during the oil cris is of the 1970s.
Ex: The car industry is now in crisis.
Ex: an emotional crisis In times of crisis, you find out who your real friends are.
Ex: He seems to be going through a crisis.
Ex: Both parties experienced an identity crisis (=feeling of uncertainty about their purpose) at the end of the ’90s
