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Let me cook > Day 1 Test Bank > Flashcards

Day 1 Test Bank Flashcards

Recurring questions in day 1. Please familiarize

1
Q

A solution of calcium chloride is prepared in a 1.00-L volumetric flask. A 60.00-g sample of
CaCl2 is added to a small amount of water in the flask, and then additional water is added to bring
the total volume of solution to 1.00 L. What is the concentration of calcium chloride in units of
molarity?

A

0.5406

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2
Q

If you add 30 g of calcite (CaCO3) to a 1.00-L volumetric flask and bring the final volume to
1.00 L, what would be the concentration of calcium (Ca2+) in solution? Assume that the calcium
in solution is at equilibrium with CaCO3(s) and the temperature of the solution is 25◦C. The pKs
for calcite is 8.48.

A

5.75 x 10^-5 M

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3
Q

If 100 mg of H2SO4 (MW = 98) is added to water, bringing the final volume to 1.0 L, what is the
final pH?

A

2.69

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4
Q

The concentration of carbon dioxide in water at 20◦C is determined to be 1.00 · 10−5 M. The
Henry’s constant for carbon dioxide dissolution in water is 3.91 · 10−2 M atm−1 at 20◦C. What is
the partial pressure of CO2 in the air?

A

2.56 × 10−4 atm

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5
Q

You are working at a site where a leaking underground storage tank has contaminated the soil and
groundwater below a gas station. The groundwater was analyzed and the concentrations of
benzene and methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) were found to be 45 and 500 ug/L, respectively.
At the soil temperature (10◦C) the dimensionless Henry’s constants, H, for benzene and
MTBE are 0.09 and 0.01, respectively. Calculate the soil vapor concentrations of both chemical
compounds.

A

C benzene = 0.36 ug/L
C MTBE = 5 ug/L

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6
Q

As a result of the Aykhal Crystal detonation in 1974 (in the former Soviet Union), cesium-137 was
measured (in 1993) in the soil at a concentration of 2 × 104 Bq · kg−1 soil.* If the background concentration of 137Cs is 0.5 Bq · kg−1 soil, how many years will it take before the concentration of
137Cs reaches background levels? The decay of radionuclides occurs by a first-order reaction.

A

t = 459 years

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7
Q

An environmental engineering student was very interested in the reaction of the chemical
2,4,6-chickenwire. She went into the lab and found that 2,4,6-chickenwire degrades in water.
During her experiments she collected the data in the following table. Plot the data to
determine if the reaction is zero-, first-, or second-order with respect to the concentration of
2,4,6-chickenwire

A

First order
(No data and graph given)

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8
Q

A falling raindrop initially has no dissolved oxygen. The saturation concentration for oxygen in
the drop of water is 9.20 mg · L−1. If, after falling for 2 s, the droplet has an oxygen concentration of 3.20 mg · L−1, how long must the droplet fall (from the start of the fall) to achieve a concentration of 8.20 mg · L−1? Assume that the rate of oxygen exchange is first-order.

A

t = 10.4 s

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9
Q

Find the mass of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) that must be added a 1.00 L volumetric flask
containing distilled water to make a 1.0 M solution. Find the normality of the solution.

A

m = 84 g
N = 84 g/L

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10
Q

The pH of a water is measured to be 7.5. The concentration of bicarbonate was measured to be
1.3 × 10−3 M. What are the concentrations of carbonate, carbonic acid, and CT? Assume this system is closed to the atmosphere.

A

[HCO3] = 8.2 × 10−5 M
[CO3] = 1.9 × 10−6 M
Ct = 1.4 × 10−3 M

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11
Q

A water contains 100.0 mg /L CO3 and 75.0 mg /L HCO3 at a pH of 10 (T = 25◦C). Calculate the exact alkalinity. Approximate the alkalinity by ignoring the appropriate chemical species.

A

233 mg/L

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12
Q

A soil sample is collected and the soil water is analyzed for the chemical compound 1,2-dichloroethane (DCA). The concentration in the water is found to be 12.5 ug · L−1. The organic matter content of the soil is 1.0%. Determine the concentration of DCA that would be absorbed to the soil and that associated with the organic matter. DCA has a Kd of 0.724 (ug /kg)/(ug/L).

A

Com = 905 ug /kg

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13
Q

A 1-m3 sample of air was found to contain 80 ug/m3 of SO2. The temperature and pressure were 25.0◦C and 103.193 kPa when the air sample was taken. What was the SO2 concentration in parts per million?

A

0.03 ppm of SO2

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14
Q

A deer eats 25 kg of herbaceous material per day. The herbaceous matter is approximately 20% dry matter (DM) and has an energy content of 10 MJ · (kg DM)−1. Of the total energy ingested per day, 25% is excreted as undigested material. Of the 75% that is digested, 80% is lost to metabolic waste products and heat. The remaining 20% is converted to body tissue. How many megajoules are converted to body tissue on a daily basis? Calculate the percentage of energy consumed that is converted to body tissue.

A

15%

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15
Q

The concentration of the pesticide DDT was found to be 5 ug /L in the water of a pond. The bioconcentration factor for DDT is 54,000 L /kg (U.S. EPA, 1986). What is the expected concentration of DDT in the fish living in the pond?

A

270,000 ug/kg

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16
Q

A farmer has a 7-year rotation of corn, soybeans, and wheat and 4 years of alfalfa. Manure will be applied before corn and wheat and before seeding to alfalfa. The initial soil test results indicate total phosphorus level of 48 kg P · hectare−1. Manure is to be surface-applied in mid-March and disk-incorporated within 2 days of application. One-third of the organic nitrogen and 50% of
the nitrogen from NH4 is available to the corn crop. To obtain the desired yield of corn, the local extension agent has told the farmer to apply 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare.
* Total N = 12 g N · (kg manure)−1
* Organic N = 6gN · (kg manure)−1
* NH4 = 6gN · (kg manure)−1
* Total P2O5 = 5gP · (kg manure)−1
* Total K2O = 4gK · (kg manure)−1
Calculate the available nitrogen per kilogram of manure and the kilograms of manure per hectare that must be applied to meet the corn’s nitrogen needs.

A

m (manure) = 5 g
Application rate = 20,000 kg/ha

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17
Q

If the initial density of bacteria is 104 cells per liter at the end of the accelerated growth phase, what is the number of bacteria after 25 generations?

A

3.4 × 1011 cells /L

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18
Q

Greenlawn Lake has a surface area 2.6 × 106 m2. The average depth is 12 m. The lake is fed by a stream having a flow rate of 1.2 m3 · s−1 and a phosphorus concentration of 0.045 mg · L−1. Runoff from the homes along the lake adds phosphorus at an average annual rate of 2.6 g · s−1. The settling rate of the lake is 0.36 day−1. A river flows from the lake at a flowrate of 1.2 m3 · s−1. What is the steady-state concentration of phosphorus in the lake?

A

0.02 g/L

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19
Q

Compute the ThOD of 108.75 mg/L of glucose (C6H12O6)

A

116 mg/L

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20
Q

If the 3-day BOD (BOD3) of a waste is 75 mg · L−1 and the BOD decay constant, k, is 0.345 day−1 what is the ultimate BOD?

A

116 mg/L

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21
Q

A waste is being discharged into a river that has a temperature of 10◦C. What fraction of the maximum oxygen consumption has occurred in 4 days if the BOD rate constant, k, determined in the laboratory under standard conditions is 0.115 day−1?

A

0.032 /d

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22
Q

The BOD of a wastewater sample is estimated to be 180 mg · L−1. What volume of undiluted sample should be added to a 300-mL bottle? Also, what are the sample size and dilution factor using this volume? Assume that 4 mg · L−1 BOD can be consumed in the BOD bottle.

A

Sample size: 2.22%
Volume (undiluted) = 6.66 mL
Dilution factor = 0.0233

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23
Q

The town of Aveta discharges 17,360 m3 · day−1 of treated wastewater into the Tefnet Creek. The treated wastewater has a BOD5 of 12 mg · L−1 and a BOD decay constant, k, of 0.12 day−1 at 20◦C. Tefnet Creek has a flow rate of 0.43 m3 · s−1 and an ultimate BOD, Lo, of 5.0 mg · L−1. The DO of the river is 6.5 mg · L−1 and the DO of the wastewater is 1.0 mg · L−1. Compute the DO and initial ultimate BOD, Lo, after mixing.

A

DO = 4.75 mg/L
Lo = 11.86 mg/L

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24
Q

A stream containing no biochemical oxygen demand (this is a hypothetical situation and rarely occurs) has a DO of 5.00 mg · L−1 and a flow rate, Q, of 8.70 m3 · s−1. The temperature of the stream is 18◦C. The average velocity in the stream is 0.174 m · s−1. The average depth, H, of the stream is 5 m. Determine the reaeration coefficient, kr, and the rate of reaeration.

A

kr = 0.146/d
rate of aeration = 0.632 mg/L

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25
Q

A city of 200,000 people disposes of 1.05 m3 · s−1 of treated sewage that still has a BODu of 28.0 mg · L−1 and 1.8 mg · L−1 of DO into a river. Upstream from the outfall, the river has a flowrate of 7.08 m3 · s−1 and a velocity of 0.37 m · s−1 . At this point, the BODu and DO in the river are 3.6 and 7.6 mg · L−1, respectively. The saturation value of DO (at the temperature of the river) is 8.5 mg · L−1. The deoxygenation coefficient, kd, is 0.61 day−1, and the reaeration coefficient, kr, is 0.76 day−1. Assume complete mixing and that the velocity in the river is the sameupstream and downstream of the outfall.
1. What is the oxygen deficit and the BODu just downstream from the outfall (just after mixing, before any reaction can occur)?
2. What is the DO 16 km downstream?

A

1) D = 1.6 mg/L ; BOD = 6.75 mg/L
2) DO @16km = 5.9 mg/L

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26
Q

You are to design a membrane system for the community of Red Bull. The design flow rate is
0.100 m3 · s−1. The temperature of the water ranges from 5◦C in winter to 22◦C in summer. The membrane you have chosen has maximum TMP of 200 kPa and a resistance coefficient of 4.2 × 1012 m−1. Based on pilot testing, the operating TMP should be no greater than 80% of the maximum TMP. Determine the required membrane area.

A

3987 m^2 ~~ 4000 m^2

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27
Q

Determine the area required for a new landfill site with a projected life of 30 years for a population of 250,000 generating 2.02 kg · (capita)−1 · day−1. The density of the compacted waste is 470 kg · m−3. The height of the landfill cannot exceed 15 m.

A

A = 784, 020 m2 = 78.4 ha

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28
Q

Distance from the earth to the most remote known normal galaxies is calculated to be:

A

9x10^25 m

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29
Q

Mean distance from the equator to the north pole is:

A

1x10^7 m

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30
Q

Determine the volume in mL of 1mol of pure
ethyl alcohol.

A

58 mL

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31
Q

If high octane gasoline with density 0.71 is used by a BMW on NLEX to travel to Tarlac 125 mi away and a gas mileage of 19.75 mi/gal estimate the quantity in kg of carbon dioxide produced.

A

52 kg

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32
Q

What is the formula of the ionic compound that is forced between the following ions: lithium and chloride ions; lithium and oxide ions; lithium and nitride ions?

A

LiCl, Li2O, Li3N

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33
Q

Find the empirical formula given 5.045 g of C, 0.847 g H and 3.36 g O.

A

C2H4O

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34
Q

What is the common name of this compound C6H5OCH3?

A

Anisole

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35
Q

From which plant is capsaicin extracted?

A

Capsicum

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36
Q

What is the chemical formula of Alar?

A

C6H12N2O3

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37
Q

Calculate the mass of titanium in kilograms in 0.4011 million grams of TiCl4.

A

101

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38
Q

What is the chemical formula of aspirin?

A

C9H8O4

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39
Q

Which of the following formula is red lead?

A

Pb3O4

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40
Q

What is the formula of melamine?

A

C3H6N6

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41
Q

Determine the mass of 2.50x1021 Pb atoms.

A

0.870 g

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42
Q

The two Br isotopes 79 Br and 81 Br, each has a natural abundance of about 50%. Determine what is the likely molecular weight of Br2.

A

160 amu

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43
Q

How many moles of beryllium would a 43.1lb sample of pure aquamarine with formula Be3Al2(SiO3)6 contain?

A

1.1x10^2 mol

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44
Q

When 12 grams of carbon (s) are mixed with 64.2 grams of O2 (g), calculate how many grams of CO2 will be formed:

A

44 g

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45
Q

Determine the number of grams of C2H5N that will heat with 81.81 g of oxygen in the equation:
C2H5N + O2 = CO + H2O + NO

A

40 g

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46
Q

Determine the volume of carbon dioxide in cubic feet occupied by 120 lbs at a pressure of 1.5 atm.

A

750

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47
Q

To which subatomic particle does each statement refer to a.) has a positive charge; b.) is found outside of the nucleus; c.) has the smallest mass; d.) has a negative charge?

A

proton, electron, electron, electron

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48
Q

Author of Octet Rule

A

Gilbert Lewis

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49
Q

The theory of resonance was developed by __ in order to further explain the bonding structures of molecules or ions not covered by the Lewis Octet rule.

A

Linus Pauling

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50
Q

Which compound is formed by the reaction of malonic acid and urea with a catalyst, as discovered by Adolf von Baeyer?

A

Barbituric Acid

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51
Q

What was the method used by Friedrich Wöhler to break the vital force theory in nature?

A

Heating ammonium cyanate to form urea

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52
Q

Who discovered EDTA?

A

Ferdinand Munz

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53
Q

Who coined the word “Serendipity” in 1754?

A

Horace Walpole

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54
Q

Who invented vulcanized rubber?

A

Charles Goodyear (the tire guy)

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55
Q

Who discovered the structure of benzene?

A

Friedrich August Kekule (KEKW)

56
Q

Who is the father of Quantum Theory?

A

Max Planck

57
Q

Who discovered x-ray?

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

58
Q

What was Melvin Calvin was known for his study of?

A

Photosynthesis

59
Q

What discovered Deuterium?

A

Harold C. Urey

60
Q

Father of nuclear chemistry and discovered proof of nuclear fission.

A

Otto Hann

61
Q

Who discovered carbon dating?

A

Willard Libby

62
Q

In an experiment it was found that the total charge on an oil drop was 5.93x10-18 C. How many negative charges does the drop contain?

A

37

63
Q

Estimate the energy emitted per photon as well as the quantity of photons emitted per second from a one hundred watt yellowlight bulb with y = 550 nm and a one kilowatt microwave source with y = cm emitting 1.99 x 10-23 J per photon and 5.03 x 10 25 photons/sec/

A

3.60 x 10-19 J and 2.77 x 1020 photons /sec

64
Q

Determine which of the following will float or sink in water: balsa wood, ethylene glycol, table salt, ethanol

A

float, sink, sink, float

65
Q

What other particle is formed in the fusion of two protons to yield deuterium?

A

neutron

66
Q

Which isotope is produced when Polonium-216 decays by emitting an alpha particle followed by two beta particles?

A

Polonium-212 (216-4 = 212)

67
Q

Process of breaking down a large isotope into smaller isotopes.

A

nuclear fusion

68
Q

When a thorium-230 atom undergoes alpha
decay, the products of the reaction are usually:

A

Radium and an alpha particle

69
Q

Determine the number of days it will take for one milligram of rubidium to decay to 0.6 mg.

A

63

70
Q

Determine the decay product of americium 241 and the percentage remaining of the original americium after one thousand years. It is given that americium 241 has a half-life of approximately 432 years is known to be an alpha emitter.

A

Neptunium 237; 25%

71
Q

Calculate how much ten milligrams of iodine 131/53 will be found in the body of a patient after 32 days (the half-life of iodine 131/53 is 8 days).

A

0.625

72
Q

Analyze and determine the mass weight in milligrams of a 2.01mg sample of an isotope
83Bi has a half-life of 1.03 yrs that has not decayed after 3.77x103 hrs.

A

1.5 mg

73
Q

As a result of the Aykhal Crystal Denotation in 1974 (in the former Soviet Union), cesium-137 was measured (in 1993) in the soil concentration of 2x104 Bq/kg soil. If the background concentration of 137Cs is 0.5 Bq/kg soil, how many years will it take before the concentration of 137Cs reaches background levels? The decay of radionuclide occurs by a first-order reaction. Half-life is 30 years.

A

459 years

74
Q

An accident occurred in the Bataan nuclear power plant when it was being commissioned 30 years ago, 48.01 grams of tritium was released. If the half-life of tritium is 12.3 years, what was the mass of tritium left after the 12.3 years and at the end of 49 years

A

24.0, 3.0 mg

75
Q

Polymer used in bullet proof vest

A

Linear Polyethylene

76
Q

Draw the condensed and skeletal structures of diethyl ether which is used by most doctors and hospitals as an anesthetic during operations.

A

CH3CH2OCH2CH3 (Ethane-O-Ethane)

77
Q

It is an organic reaction that converts an alcohol into an alkyl chlorine using triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride.

A

Appel Reaction

78
Q

What compound can be used to convert alcohol or a phenol into an ester?

A

Acetic anhydride: CH3-C-O-COCH3

79
Q

It is a mass spectrum technique and is obtained by grinding up a solid which is mixed with mineral oil to form a suspension for IR spectroscopy

A

Nujol Mull (eto tlaga yung tanong)

80
Q

Explain the differences in structure between a saturated hydrocarbon from an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

A

A saturated hydrocarbons contains only carbon-carbon single bonds, while an unsaturated hydrocarbon contains one or more carbon-carbon double or triple bonds.
(unsaturated = double or triple bonds)

81
Q

Determine whether TRUE or FALSE about the constitutional isomer.
A.) They have the same molecular formula
B.) They have the same molecular weight
C.) They have the same connectivity to their atoms
D.) They have the same physical properties

A

T, T, F, F

82
Q

Which of the following is a primary application of ethylene?

A

Use as a plant hormone for ripening of fruits

83
Q

What structural characteristics do citric acid and malic acid have in common?

A

Both hydroxy acids

84
Q

What is the buckyball?

A

A fullerene

85
Q

Adrenaline is produced in the body through a biochemical nucleophilic substitution reaction where:

A

The reactant neocleophile atom replaces the leaving group in the nucleophylic substitution reaction.

86
Q

What organic product is formed when C6H5CH2COOH is treated with CH3OH + H2SO4 (catalyst)?
A. C6H5CH2CH2OH
B. C6H5CH2C00-Na+ + CO2 + H20
C. C6H5CH2C00-NH4
D. C6H5CH2CO2CH3 + H20

A

D

87
Q

In a dehydration reaction where water is lost, an organic compound C3H8O reacts with concentrated phosphoric acid and a product is formed. This product rapidly decolorizes a solution of bromine in tetrachloromethane. What is this product?

A

Propene (C3H6) (nawalan kasi ng O2)

88
Q

These compounds are formed by the reaction of acids with alcohols.

A

Esters

89
Q

Fatty acid such as lauric acid and palmitic acid and oleic acid are long unbranched carboxylic acids consisting of 12 to 20 carbon atoms. Which type of fatty acid should people avoid ingesting, saturated or unsaturated and why?

A

Saturated, because the risk of cardiovascular disease is increased

90
Q

The person’s sense of smell and taste depend on specific biochemic receptors present in a person’s nose and mouth. In 2004, a Nobel Prize was given to the researchers who established this fact and identified the the type of organic compound associated with the sense of smell and taste. The chemical identified was;

A

Rhodopsin

91
Q

Name the major physiologically active substances that comes from: bark of the willow tree, the pituitary gland, the sap of the poppy and the belladenna plant.

A

Willow tree- salicilin
Pituitary gland - beta-endomorphin
sap of the poppy seeds - opium (good shizz)
belladenna plant - atropine

92
Q

It is the major component of lecithin.

A

Phosphatidylcholine

93
Q

Taurine, a Beta amino acid belongs to the acidic group of:
A. –SO2OH C. –COOH
B. –COONH3 D. –C=OH

A

A

94
Q

In the study of fats and lipids, determine which of the two triglycerides has a higher melting point? Substance A containing only lauric acid and glycerol, or substance B-containing only stearic acid and glycerol?

A

Substance B

95
Q

Calculate the degree of deprotonation of the side chain of cysteine at pH 7.30, given that the side chain –SH group has pKa = 8.20.

A

0.11

96
Q

Glucose is the only carbohydrate compound that the brain can use for energy. Which pathway is mobilized to supply the need of the brain during starvation?

A

gluconeogenesis

97
Q

Predict the order of the melting points of triglycerides containing fatty acids, as follows:
I. Palmitic, palmitic, stearic
II. Oleic, stearic, palmitic
III. Oleic, linoleic, oleic

A

III < II < I

98
Q

Which of the acid combination is the dominant composition of acid rain?

A

nitric acid and sulfuric acid

99
Q

Radioactive solid nuclear wastes are disposed off by

A

underground burial in concrete containers

100
Q

A contaminated soil is to be excavated and treated in a completely mixed aerated lagoon at a Superfund site. To determine the time it will take to treat the contaminated soil, a laboratory completely mixed batch reactor is used to gather the following data. Determine the time to achieve 99% reduction in the original concentration

A

92 days (the other contaminated soil problem)

101
Q

Calculate the theoretical oxygen demand of glutamic acid. Assume the concentration of glutamic acid is 0.1 mM.

A

21 mg/L

102
Q

Compute the theoretical NBOD of a wastewater containing 30 mg/L of ammonia as nitrogen. If the wastewater analysis was reported as 30 mg/L of ammonia (NH3), what would the theoretical NBOD be?

A

137 mg/L and 113 mg/L

103
Q

A sample of municipal sewage is diluted to 1% by volume prior to running a BOD5 analysis. After 5 days the oxygen consumption is determined to be 2.00 mg/L. What is the BOD5 of the sewage?

A

200 mg/L

104
Q

If the BOD of a municipal wastewater at the end of 7 days and 250C is 60.0 mg/L and the ultimate BOD is 85.0 mg/L, what is the rate constant at 160C?

A

0.08/d

105
Q

The following data are provided to you:
Seeded wastewater:
Initial DO = 8.6 mg/L Final DO (after 5 d) = 2.1 mg/L
Volume of wastewater = 2.5 mL
Total volume in BOD bottle = 300 mL
Seeded dilution water:
Initial DO = 8.6 mg/L Final DO (after 5 d) = 7.3 mg/L
Temperature = 200C
Calculate the BOD of the sample in mg/L.

A

625 (seeded problem)

106
Q

A large stream has a reoxygenation constant of 0.4/day and a velocity of 0.85 m/s. At the point at which an organic pollutant is discharged, it is saturated with oxygen at 10 mg/L. Below the outfall the ultimate demand for oxygen is found to be 20 mg/L, and the deoxygenation constant is 0.2/day. What is the dissolved oxygen 48.3 km downstream?

A

7.8 mg/L

107
Q

The initial ultimate BOD after mixing of the Bergelmir River is 12.0 mg/L. The DO in the Bergelmir River after the wastewater and river have mixed is at saturation. The river temperature is 10◦C. At 10◦C, the deoxygenation rate constant (kd) is 0.30/day, and the reaeration rate constant (kr) is 0.40/day. Determine the critical DO

A

7.53 mg/L (Bergelmir River)

108
Q

A stream flowing with a velocity of 2 mph contains no BOD, but has an oxygen deficit of 6 mg/L. Ten miles downstream this deficit has been reduced to 4 mg/L through adsorption from the atmosphere. The stream conditions are uniform throughout its length. Assuming the rate of aeration is proportional to the deficit, what would be the deficit 35 miles downstream from the original point?

A

1.45 mg/L

109
Q

Calculate the exact alkalinity of a water containing 120 mg/L of bicarbonate ion and 15 mg/L of carbonate ion if the pH is 9.43.

A

124 mg/L as CaCO3

110
Q

If a water sample was found to contain 19.2 mg/L of magnesium ion and 44.4 mg/L of calcium ion, expressed the amount of hardness. The sample case from a Maynilad source.

A

189 mg/L as CaCO3

111
Q

If a 1.0 m3 · s−1 flow water treatment plant uses ten sedimentation basins with an overflow rate of 15 m3 · day−1 · m−2, what should be the surface area (m2) of each tank?

A

576 m2

112
Q

Determine the following temperature profiles (Z in m vs T in degC), determine whether the atmosphere is unstable, neutral or stable.
A) 2, -3.05 and 318, -6.21
B) 10, 6 and 202, 3.09
C) 18, 14.03 and 286, 16.71

A

neutral, unstable, stable (lapse rate)

113
Q

A power plant in Benguet is burning coal on a cold clear January at 8:00 am with a wind speed of 2.6 meters/second measured at an elevation of 31 meters and an inversion layer with its base founded at a height of 695 meters. The effective height of the stack is 31 meters. Calculate the distance downward wt which the plume released will reach the inversion layer and start to mix downward.

A

5.8 km (keyword: 8:00 a.m.)

114
Q

A landfill with a gas collection system is in operation and serves a population of 200,000. MSW is generated at a rate of 1.95 kg · (capita)−1 · day−1. Gas is produced at an annual rate of 6.2 L · kg−1 of MSW delivered to the landfill. The gas contains 55% methane. Gas recovery is 15% of that generated. The heat content of the landfill gas is approximately 17,000 kJ · m−3 (a value lower than the theoretical value because of dilution of the methane with air during recovery). The landfill company and a developer have proposed to build a subdivision in the vicinity of the landfill and pipe the methane generated to the homes to be used for heating. The homes are estimated to use an average of 110 × 106 kJ of heat energy each year. Peak usage during winter is 1.5 times the average usage. How many homes can be built in the subdivision?

A

7 homes

115
Q

The Tanay Rizal Stone Works employs six workers who produce uncompacted waste from the products formed for building decors. If the density of the uncompacted waste is 480 kilograms per cubic meters, determine the annual volume of solid waste produced by the factory assuming a waste generation volume rate of one kilogram per capita per day.

A

4.56

116
Q

The Malayan landfill about 100 kilometers from Kuala Lumpur serves a population of 562,400 people generating MSW at a rate of 1.90 kilograms per capita per day. The capacity of the landfill is 11.3x106 cubic meters. In 2015, 63% of the landfill was being used. The ratio of cover to compacted fill is 1.95. Calculate the remaining projected life for the landfill. Assume the density of the compacted waste to be 492 kilograms per cubic meters.

A

2.76 years

117
Q

A town of 20,000 in Laguna generates 0.96 kg/(capita)-day of MSW. A town of the same size in the Makati City in Metro Manila generates 1.9 kg/(capita)-day of MSW.
How much MSW is generated in each town?
How many trucks would be needed to collect the waste twice weekly? The trucks each have a capacity of 4.5 MT and operate 5 days per week. Assume that the trucks average two loads per day at 75% capacity. Calculate the number and volume of MSW in tons that enter the landfill

A

19100 kg/d and 39000 kg/d, 4 and 8 trucks, 58 m3/d 105 m3/d

118
Q

A municipal landfill has available space of 16.2 ha at an average depth of 10 m. Seven hundred sixty-five (765) cubic meter per day of solid waste is dumped at the site 5 days a week. This waste is compacted to twice its delivered density. Draw a mass-balance diagram and estimate the expected life of the landfill in years.

A

16 years

119
Q

If aspirin is made using the raw materials salicylic acid
and acetic anhydride with a yield of 75%, how many grams of
aspirin will be produced

A

25

120
Q

Give the mass empirical formula of the following compound if a sample contains 57.8%C, 36%H, and 38.6%O by mass

A

C2HO

121
Q

A solution of an unknown base was titrated with 0.150 M HCl, and 22.0 mL of acid was needed to reach the end point of the titration. How many moles of the unknown base were in the solution?

A

3.3x10^-3 ml

122
Q

Mercury poisoning is a debilitating disease that is often fatal. In the human body, mercury reacts with essential enzymes leading to irreversible inactivity of these enzymes. If the amount of mercury in a polluted lake is 0.4 microgram
Hg/mL, what is the total mass in kilograms of mercury in the lake? (The lake has a surface area of 100 mi2 and an average depth of 20 ft.)

A

64.5x10^5

123
Q

The Tanay Rizal Stone Works employs six workers who produce uncompacted waste from the products formed for building decors. If the density of the uncompacted waste is 40 kilograms per cubic meters, determine the annual volume of solid waste produced by the factory assuming a waste generation volume rate of one kilogram per capita per day.

A

4.65 m3

124
Q

Consider the Earth to be a blackbody with average temperature 15degC and surface area equal to 5.1x10^14 m^2. Find the rate at which energy is radiated by the Earth and the wavelength at which maximum power is radiated. Compare this peak wavelength with that for a 5800-K blackbody

A

2x10^17 W, 10.1x10^6 m (earth, 0.48x10^6 m (sun)
{use radiation formula)

125
Q

The sun radiates 3.9x 1023 J of energy into space every second. What is the rate at which mass is lost from the sun?

A

4.3x106 kg/s

126
Q

The mass of a proton is 1.67 x 10^-24 g. The mass of a grain
of salt is 1.0 x 10^-2 g. How many protons would it take to
have the same mass as a grain
of salt?

A

6x10^21 protons

127
Q

A 1.60-g sample of a mixture of naphthalene and anthracene is dissolved in 20.0 g benzene. The freezing point of the solution is 2.81oC. What is the composition as mass percent of the sample mixture?

A

44% naphthalene

128
Q

In year 2, the farmer plans to plant soybeans. No manure is to be
applied during this crop year. The soybean is a legume and can
fix adequate atmospheric nitrogen to produce the desired yield of
soybeans. Additional nitrogen fertilizer does not produce
significant yield increases. Soybeans require 50 kg N –(hectare)-1, 35 kg P -(hectare) −1, and 225 kg K - (hectare)−1 according to the local extension agent. Estimate the remaining phosphorus after the corn is harvested. The corn crop from year 1 would have removed 52 kg of P2O5 – hectare-1 and 38 kg of K2O- hectare−1.

A

77.3 kg / hectare (3rd manure problem) [no manure applied tho]

129
Q

The design flow and overflow rates for a settling tank are 0.044 m3 · s−1 and 20 m · day−1, respectively. Determine the surface area of this tank. Determine the length of the tank, using conventional wisdom for length-to-width ratios. Determine the tank depth, assuming a detention time of 2 hours.

A

190 m2, 16 m and 1.7 m (calculate the area only)

130
Q

A landfill that is 12 ha in area has a liner of thickness 0.9 m. Each year 1700 m3 of leachate is collected. The hydraulic conductivity of the liner is 3.9 × 10−10 m · s−1. What is the head of water above the liner?

A

1.04 m

131
Q

Determine the percent atom economy of the Raschig Process

A

17.3%

132
Q

Which among the following radioactive nuclide is often bombarded with the various isotopes of lead in order to produce most of the new superheavy elements?

A

Calcium-48 and Nickel-64

133
Q

A Chemical Engineer joined Pilipinas Got Talent as a Magician that can perform marvelous feats. For the finals, he claims that he can make the audience instantaneously smile or cry by simply waving his hand. To execute his trick, If he releases laughing gas from the front and tear gas at the rear of a 201 row hall, which row will inevitably smile and cry at the same time?

A

134th row

134
Q

Two beakers containing sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid separately was neutralized by the same base. If equal amounts of the alkali was used for the neutralization reaction and it produced sulfate ions and dihydrogen phosphate ions, what is the mass ratio of sulfuric acid to phosphoric acid that was originally present in the beakers?

A

1/2

135
Q
A

Let me cook (9 decks)

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