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Let me cook > Day 1 Concepts > Flashcards

Day 1 Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

It is known as Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards of 2016

A

DAO No. 2016-08

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2
Q

Clean Water Act

A

RA 9275

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3
Q

Class of water intended for primary contact recreation such as bathing, swimming, skin diving, etc

A

Class B

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4
Q

The resistance of water to the passage of light through it is a measure of the

A

turbidity

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5
Q

Which of the following apparatus is not used in measuring turbidity?
a. Jackson Turbidimeter
b. Secchi Disk Depth
c. Photoelectric Colorimeter
d. none of these

A

C

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6
Q

The total solids in water are due to the presence of

A

suspended and dissolved solids

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7
Q

Sodium ions contribute to which characteristics of water

A

total dissolved solids

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8
Q

Dissolved oxygen in water is reduced during which season

A

Summer

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9
Q

The color of wastewater containing little or no dissolved oxygen is

A

Black

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10
Q

In the determination of BOD, the reaction takes place at what temperature?

A

20 deg C

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11
Q

In determination of BOD, the reaction takes place in the dark
because
a. The microorganisms are sensitive to light.
b. Oxygen is sensitive to light.
c. The reaction is enhanced in the dark.
d. Algae may be present and produce oxygen.

A

D

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12
Q

Which of the following is not a physical characteristic of wastewater?
a. odor
b. turbidity
c. color
d. hardness

A

D

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13
Q

It is the phenomenon that results in the overabundance of algae growth in bodies of water. It is also the natural process of nutrient enrichment that occurs over time in a body of water.

A

eutrophication

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14
Q

Measure of the total organic and ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater. It also gives a measure of the availability of nitrogen for building cells.
a. TKN
b. COD
c. NBOD
d. none of these

A

A

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15
Q

Involves the accumulation of trace metals through each species of the food chain.

A

biomagnification

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16
Q

A trace metal which causes Itai-itai diseases is

A

Cadmium

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17
Q

A trace metal which causes Minimata disease is

A

Mercury

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18
Q

A sample of groundwater has an 150 milligrams per liter of Ca2+ and 60 milligrams per liter of Mg2+, how would this water be classified

A

Very Hard

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19
Q

Type of wastewater treatment that employs physical and chemical treatment methods to remove or reduce a high percentage of suspended solids and toxic materials

A

Primary Treatment

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20
Q

Hard water can be softened by
a. letting the calcium or magnesium ions settle out
b. passing it through an ion exchanger
c. chlorination
d. filtration

A

B

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21
Q

Removal of all settleable particles rendered settleable under the influence of gravity, basically the theory of gravity under the influence of which all particles heavier than water tend to settle down.

A

Sedimentation

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22
Q

Process whereby coarse matter (suspended or floating) of a certain size can be strained out of flowing water with the aid of bars, fines wires or rocks

A

Screening

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23
Q

Water treatment that destroys disease-causing bacteria, nuisance bacteria, parasites and other organisms and removes soluble irons, manganese and hydrogen sulfide from water.

A

Chlorination

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24
Q

A code for plastics used for food wrapping, trash bags, grocery bags and baby diapers

A

4

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25
Q

It is the international salute that is currently the primary basis of the Philippines in its latest environmental dispute with Canada.

A

Basel Convention

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26
Q

It is implemented and used as an international basis for the emissions of greenhouse

A

Kyoto Protocol

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27
Q

Aims to diminish and eventually phase out CFCs

A

Montreal Protocol

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28
Q

Aims to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants

A

Stockholm Convention

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29
Q

Ecological Solid Waste Act of 2000 is otherwise known as

A

RA 9003

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30
Q

Clean Air Act of the Philippines

A

RA 8749

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31
Q

An act to control Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes providing penalties for violation

A

RA 6969

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32
Q

“Smokey Mountain” is a typical example of a facility for solid waste. It is classified as

A

Open Dumping Site

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33
Q

Collective term for the initial POPs identified by the Stockholm Convention

A

Dirty Dozens

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34
Q

It is an odorless and colorless gas that is lethal to humans with exposure as short as a few minutes to concentrations exceeding 5000 ppm. It reacts with hemoglobin in the blood rendering the latter incapable of carrying oxygen to the body.

A

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

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35
Q

The rate at which temperature in the atmosphere changes with altitude is called

A

lapse rate

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36
Q

Which biogeochemical cycle has bacteria living in a symbiotic relationship with the roots of legumes?

A

Nitrogen

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37
Q

By which process is carbon dioxide released from plants back into the atmosphere?

A

respiration

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38
Q

Where in the body does fatty acid synthesis occur?

A

Cytoplasm

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39
Q

Suppose you have a phosphate buffer of pH 7.21.If you add more solid NaH2PO4 to this buffer, would you expect the pH of the buffer to increase, decrease, or remain unchanged?

A

decrease

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40
Q

What is the difference between a coenzyme and a cofactor?

A

Cofactor is more generic; it means a nonprotein part of an enzyme. A coenzyme is an organic factor.

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41
Q

Who discovered phenolphthalein?

A

Adolf von Baeyer

42
Q

How many high-energy phosphate bonds are in the ATP molecule?

A

2

43
Q

Which has higher absolute entropy at a temperature of 250C, cyclopropane or propylene? Why?

A

Propylene due to the free rotation around the carbon-carbon single bond.

44
Q

Applying the Octet Rule, determine how many electrons each must each atom gain or loss to acquire an electron configuration identical to the noble gas nearest to it in
atomic number; Sr, S and Si.

A

krypton; argon, argon and krypton

45
Q

Predict whether each of the following nuclides is stable or unstable (radioactive). If the nuclide is unstable ,predict the type of radioactivity you would expect it to exhibit. 45-K, 56-Fe, 11-Na, 194-Tl.

A

unstable-beta production, stable, unstable-positron production, unstable-alpha production

46
Q

Crystals of a material are suspended in the middle of a cup of water at 2 deg C. How might you enable the crystals to rise to the surface of the water so that you can harvest them?

A

Increase the temperature of water to 4 deg C

47
Q

How many molecules are in one drop of water?

A

1.7x10^21

48
Q

Consider the reaction 2O(g) -> O2 (g). Predict the signs of deltaH and deltaS. Would the reaction more spontaneous at high or low temperatures?

A

delta H = -, delta S = -, low

49
Q

How to differentiate alkane alkene and alkyne?

A

reaction with Br2

50
Q

How many carbon atoms in olvanil?

A

26

51
Q

Choose the process that occurs with a decrease in entropy
A. freezing of water
B. boiling of water
C. dissolving salt in water
D. sublimation of dry ice

A

A

52
Q

Answer the following questions
a) Is H+ (aq) capable of oxidizing Cu(s) to Cu2+ (aq)?
b) Is Fe3+ (aq) capable of oxidizing I- (aq)?
c) Is H2 (g) capable of oxidizing Ag+ (aq)?

A

no, yes, yes

53
Q

Determine whether TRUE or FALSE about the constitutional isomer.
A.) They have the same molecular formula
B.) They have the same molecular weight
C.) They have the same connectivity to their atoms
D.) They have the same physical properties

A

T, T, F ,F

54
Q

Determine whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE.
a) For all adiabatic processes, the entropy change of the system must be zero
b) For one component system, it is possible for two phases in equilibrium to have different chemical potentials.
c) The change in Gibb’s free energy can be negative for a cyclic process.
d) A condition for equilibrium is that (∆A) T, F =0

A

F, F, F, F

55
Q

Notation on alkane containing Cl

A

Chloro

56
Q

What will happen to ice at 0°C if the pressure decreases from 1
atm to 0.001 atm?

A

it becomes vapor (phase diagram)

57
Q

We heat 50.0 g of an unknown substance by adding 205 cal, and its temperature rises by 7.0°C. Identify the substance.

A

ethanol

58
Q

Do isotopes of the heavy elements (for example, those from atomic number 37 to 53) contain more, the same, or fewer neutrons than protons?

A

more

59
Q

The purpose of control rods in a fission reactor is to

A

absorb neutrons generated in the fission process.

60
Q

Sherwood Roland and Mario Molina’s work on stratospheric ozone depletion garnered them the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Which among the following species did they determine act as a catalyst for the decomposition of ozone?

A

Chlorine Atoms

61
Q

For a biochemical study involving the tigers at Malabon Zoo, a fatty acid was labeled with carbon-14. The sample was then fed to the tigers and after a few hours the tigers breath was analyzed. In which among the following compounds would you expect for the radioactive material to be detected?

A

As Carbon Dioxide

62
Q

Classify the following biochemical
compounds whether they are hydrophilic, hydrophobic, or amphipathic: Fatty Acid, Glycerol, Soap, Stearic Acid

A

Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic, Amphipathic, Hydrophobic

63
Q

Match the following radioactive isotope with its corresponding application:
[a] Cobalt-60
[b] Thallium-201
[c] Tritium
[d] Mercury-197
1 – Heart Scan in Exercise
2 – Measure water content of body
3 – Kidney Scan
4 – Cancer Therapy

A

a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3

64
Q

Halogens have the tendency to form compounds with one another called Interhalogens. which among the following molecules has the LOWEST boiling point?
A: Bromine Chloride
B: Iodine Bromide
C: Chlorine Fluoride
D: Bromine Fluoride

A

C

65
Q

When steam condenses into water at 90 deg C, the entropy of the system decreases. What must be true if the second law of thermodynamics is to be satisfied?

A

Entropy of the surrounding increases to a greater extent than the decrease in the entropy of the system

66
Q

In which of the following cases does entropy decreases?
A: Polymerization of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate
B: Dissolving Mohr’s salt in water
C: Expansion of high purity hydrogen gas
D: Melting silver ingots

A

A

67
Q

When benzene and naphthalene is mixed in a single container at room temperature, an ideal solution will be formed. Which among the following expressions does NOT describe the aforementioned process?
A: delta S_system is positive
B: delta H_system = 0
C: delta G > 0
D: delta S_surrounding is zero

A

C

68
Q

A sculptor was hired by a firm in BGC to create an ice sculpture of their logo within two days for their 50th Anniversary. Given the time constraint, the sculptor needs to soften the ice in certain spots immediately. Which among the following salts should the sculptor use for this task to efficiently make use of his time?

A

CaCl2

69
Q

When 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol is treated with phosphoric acid at 120 deg Celsius, which among the following is the Major Product?

A

2,3-dimethyl-2-butene

70
Q

Determine whether TRUE or FALSE about constitutional isomer.
1. They have the same molecular formula
2. They have the same molecular weight
3. They have the same connectivity to their atoms
4. They have the same physical properties

A

T; T; F; F

71
Q

A certain solid compound was tested in a laboratory
and was analyzed to contain 6.5% hydrogen, 42.2%
carbon, and 5.5% oxygen, with a molecular weight of
approximately 341.2. Determine the chemical formula.
a. C10H14O16
b. C12H12O11
c. C6H12O6
d. C11H16O22

A

b. C12H12O11

72
Q

Biochemical compounds are either hydrophilic, hydrophobic,or amphipathic. Classify the following compounds: glucose, stearic acid, soaps, fatty acids

A

Hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphipathic, hydrophobic

73
Q

Which element is difficult to remove from
sewage and wastewater and at the same time, it
contributes to bacterial and algae overgrowth in
freshwater?

A

Nitrogen

74
Q

Which of the following is true about the closest
packing of atoms?
a. Tetrahedral voids are larger than octahedral voids.
b. Tetrahedral voids are smaller than octahedral voids.
c. Tetrahedral voids have same sizes as octahedral voids.
d. None of these

A

b. Tetrahedral voids are smaller than octahedral voids.

75
Q

Types of radioactive decay

A

Alpha, beta, gamma, positron decay, and electron capture

76
Q

In periodic table, which of the following is group
considered a radioactive?

A

Above 83 (after Pb)

77
Q

Chymotrypsin is used for following protein as shown:
Met – Tyr – Leu – Trp – Gly – Phe – Ser
How many peptides can be formed after hydrolysis?

A

4

78
Q

Compare the boiling points and densities of alkyl
halide and alkane
a. Both are lower for alkyl halide
b. Both are higher for alkyl halide
c. Higher density and lower boiling point for alkyl halide.
d. Lower density and higher boiling point for alkyl halide.

A

B

79
Q

What is the type of isomerism of cis-1,4-cyclohexanol
and trans-1,2-cyclohexanol?
a. constitutional isomer
b. stereoisomer
c. both of these
d. none of these

A

A

80
Q

What is the chemical formula of caffeine?

A

C8H10N4O2

81
Q

There are 4 beakers, one with CCl4, one with dry ice,
one exposed to air, and one with water. Which will get
heated inside a microwave oven?
a. CCl4
b. dry ice
c. air
d. water

A

d. water

82
Q

Radioactive material B initially has 8 times the amount
of radioactive material A. After three half-lives of A,
both of them have the same amount. What can be
said about the half-life of A as compared to B?

A

A=2B (pero orig question ay ‘the same’)

83
Q

Rank of strength of bonds of formic acid

A

H-O > H-C ;; C=O > C-O

84
Q

Rank of toxicity of Cu, As, DDT, heptachlor and
lindane

A

Copper<lindane<ddt<heptachlor<arsenic

85
Q

To which subatomic particle does each statement refer to?
1. Has a positive charge
2. Is found outside the nucleus
3. Has the smallest mass
4. Has a negative charge

A

a. Proton, electron, electron, electron

86
Q

Determine the pH of a 0.21M solution of sodium
benzoate in water at room temperature.
a. 6.35
b. 4.37
c. 8.74
d. 2

A

c. 8.74

87
Q

A solution of cation gives a crimson red
flame. This flame test is a confirmatory test
for:
a.Sr2+
b.K+
c. Mn2+
d.Ca2+

A

A

88
Q

What is the color of nickel chloride?

A

Yellow

89
Q

It is the major component of lecithin.

A

Phosphatidylchlorine

90
Q

The theory of resonance was developed by __ in
order to further explain the bonding structures of
molecules or ions not covered by the Lewis
Octet rule.

A

Linus Pauling

91
Q

Taurine, a Beta amino acid belongs to the acidic
group of:
a. –SO2OH
b. –COONH3
c. –COOH
d. –C=OH

A

A

92
Q

What is the Nujol Mull in organic chemical reactions?

A

It is a mass spectrum technique and is obtained by grinding up a solid which is mixed with mineral oil to form a suspension for IR spectroscopy

93
Q

Applying the Gibbs phase rule in the degrees of freedom, determine the number of degrees of freedom of:
1. Liquid water in equilibrium with its vapor
2. Liquid water in equilibrium with a mixture of water vapor and nitrogen
3. A liquid solution of alcohol in water in equilibrium with its vapor

A

F=1; F=2; F=2

94
Q

What is the significance of colligative property in physical chemistry?
a. It refers to the freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure and lowering of the vapor pressure by a nonvolatile solute
b. It refers to the temperature, pressure and energy of fusion of volatile solutes in phase equilibrium
c. It refers to the non-existence of pressure among molecules within the solute
d. It refers to the temperature differentials exhibited by non-volatile solutes in reactions

A

A

95
Q

Perchloroethylene, which is a liquid at room temperature, is one of the most widely used solvents for commercial dry cleaning. It is sold for this purpose under several trade names, including Perclene. Does this molecule have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule? Does it have a dipole?

A

yes, non-polar, none

96
Q

Classify these as kinetic or potential energy
(1) Water held by a dam
(2) A speeding train
(3) A book on its edge before falling
(4) A falling book
(5) Electric current in a light bulb

A

potential, kinetic, potential, kinetic, kinetic

97
Q

Who invented the Carbon-14 dating method?

A

Williard Libby

98
Q

Can a hydrogen bond form between
(1) Two molecules of methanol, CH3OH?
(2) Two molecules of formaldehyde, CH2O?
(3) One molecule of methanol, CH3OH, and one of formaldehyde, CH2O?

A

yes, no, yes

99
Q

Which of the following is the best definition of the chemical nature
of soap?
a. A soap is a very long molecule.
b. A soap is a long chain carboxylic acid.
c. A soap is an ester of glycerol and a long chain carboxylic acid.
d. A soap is a salt of a long chain carboxylic acid.

A

D

100
Q

Given: Dodecane
(1) Is it soluble in water?
(2) Is it soluble in hexane?
(3) Is it combustible?
(4) Is it solid, liquid or gas at room temperature and atmospheric
conditions?
(5) Is it denser than water?

A

no, yes, yes, liquid, less dense

101
Q
A

Let me cook (9 decks)

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