Day 1 Nervous System Flashcards
What are the two types of nervous system
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
How many spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs 8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumbar 5 sacral 1 coccygeal
What are the parts of the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem
What does the cerebrum comprise of?
Frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal
What is the brain stem divided into?
Mid brain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
What part of the brain controls muscle movement
Cerebral cortex
What are Neurons
Conducting cells
What are the 4 parts of a Neuron
Dendrite, cell body, axon and terminal
what are neuroglia
Supportive cells
What is the Hypothalmus for?
Endocrine system and stimulus for hormones
What does the CNS comprise of
Brain and spinal cord
What are the peripheral Nervous system
Sensory and motor
What are the Sensory PNS
Sight, touch and hearing etc
What does motor PNS comprise of
Voluntary and autonomical
What is autonomical
e.g. breathing (involuntary)
What is voluntary
moving hand away from hot object
what do meninges surround
brain and spinal cord
What are the three layers of meninges
Dura Matter (outside layer)
Arachnoid
PIA
what is CSF
Cerebro-spinal-fluid
What is CSF for
Supporting and protecting
How many spinal nerves are there?
31 Pairs of spinal nerves
What is the brainstem used for?
Respiratory drive centre
What is the cerebellum
Mini brain underneath big brain (balance and posture)
Were does the spinal cord end?
L1,L2
What is ASIS
anterior, superior illiac spine.
How many Cranial nerves are there?
12
What are the two types of nervous tissue
Excitable and non excitable
What is the cerrebellum used for
posture and balance
What is the gap between Neurons called
synapse or synaptic cleft
What carries the message across the synaptic cleft?
neurotransmitters called acetycholine
what is the thalmus
relay station
what is the hypothalmus
deals with emotion
what does the brain stem consist of?
mid brain
pons
medulla oblongata
What is Somatic
Voluntary Controls skeletal M/S
What is autonomic
controls 2 automatic functions. Sympathetic- fight or flight and parasympathetic (slows body systems)
CNS comprises of?
Brain and spinal cord
meninges have 3 layers
Dura
Arachnoid
Pia
the brain itself comprises of?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebrum- basal ganglia, thalmus and hypothalmus
Cerebellum
Brain stem
What do meninges do
protect, provide blood supply and create space for CSF
What does CSF do
support, protects uniform pressure, exchange nutrients
Cerebral cortex (outer layer of cerebrum)
Movement
what does the hypothalmus do?
thirst, apetite, emotions and sexual behaviour
what does the PNS consist of?
Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
PNS messages towards CNS are called
Sensory or afferent
messages away from CNS are called?
efferent or motor
How many spinal nerves are there
31 8 12 5 5 1
What does the brain stem consist of?
Mid brain
Pons
medulla oblongata
What is the mid brain for
Relay station btwn cerebrum and brain stem
what is the pons for
Helps control breathing
what is the medulla oblongata for?
the vital centre, CV + respiratory centre, reflex centre crossing
what are the two cells types in the NS
Neuron cells- transmitting cells
Neuroglia- supportive cells
what is the gap called between neuron transmitters
synapse or synaptic cleft
what do neurotransmitters do
carry message across the synaptic cleft
where does the spinal cord terminate
around the 1st lumbar vertabrae
what is gray matter
H inside spinal cord
what is white matter
relay impulse to and from brain
