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Spring 2015: Splinting > Day 1- Foundations > Flashcards

Day 1- Foundations Flashcards

1
Q

Arch of the hand that goes across your MCPs

A

Dorsal Transverse

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2
Q

Arch of the hand that goes diagonally in your palm?

A

Oblique arch

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3
Q

Arch of the hand that goes from the middle finger to the wrist?

A

Longitudinal Arch

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4
Q

How many zones are there for the extensor zones?

A 
8 zones
DIP joint
Middle Phalanx
PIP joint
Proximal Phalanx
MCP joint
Metacarpals
Carpals
Proximal wrist
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5
Q

How many zones are there for the flexor zones?

A 
5 zones:
Distal
No mans land
Palm
Carpal
Wrist to FA
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6
Q

G/P: intrinsic muscles (MCP flexion, PIP and DIP extension) plus palmar abduction

A

Lumbricals

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7
Q

G/P: fingers and thumb adduct onto a round object; splints would promote wrist stabilization and finger and thumb abduction

A

Spherical

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8
Q

G/P: flexion of PIP and DIP around an object

A

Hook

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9
Q

G/P: adducted fingers around an object held in the palm; splint promotes thumb opposition or finger and thumb flexion and wrist stabilization

A

Cylindrical

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10
Q

G/P: thumb pas of digits 2 and 3; thumb spica orthoses

A

3 point

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11
Q

G/P: thumb pad and lateral aspect of digit 2; thumb spica with slight radial abduction

A

Lateral pinch

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12
Q

T/F: splints act as a lever that help move bone around an axis?

A

True

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13
Q

A principle of splinting that states: a dynamic splint only allows for 1 motion and may need to sacrifice other motions in joints with more than 1 DOF

A

Axis of motion

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14
Q

This principle describes the effect materials and dynamic components have on bones and tissues

A

Force

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15
Q

This is the stress to tissues parallel to the surfaces they affect?

A

Shear

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16
Q

This is when surfaces impede gliding?

A

Friction

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17
Q

This is the rotational effect of a mechanism around an axis?

A

Torque

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18
Q

If we increase the length of the splint that decreases the amount of force near the axis. This is the principle of?

A

Mechanical Advantage

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19
Q

How long should the trough be?

A

2/3rd the length of the FA

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20
Q

How wide should the trough be?

A

Half the circumference of the thumb and FA

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21
Q

Stress that results from pressing together?

A

Compression

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22
Q

Stress that results from pulling apart?

A

Traction/Tension

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23
Q

Stress that results from parallel forces of an object?

A

Shearing

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24
Q

4 ways that skin can be damaged due to force and pressure?

A

degree
duration
repetition
direction

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25
Q

T/F dynamic splints should have tension adjustments?

A

True

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26
Q

“casts or strapping used for reductions of fractures and dislocation”

A

splint

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27
Q

“used to support a weak or deformed body part, or restrict or eliminate motion of body part”

A

Orthoses

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28
Q

When was the ASHT established?

A

1977

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29
Q

When was the first ceritification exam for the ASHT?

A

1991

30
Q

What are the requirements for CHT?

A

5 years out of school

2000 working in a hand clinic

31
Q

Splint classification system for naming?

A 
Identify
Location
Direction
Purpose
# of secondary joints
# of total joints
32
Q

What is the difference between an articular and non articular orthoses?

A

nonarticular do not cross a joint and is associated with one of the long bones
articular crosses a joint

33
Q

This type of splint is designed to mobilize primary and secondary joints?

A

Mobilization

34
Q

This type of splint is designed to immobilize primary and secondary joints?

A

Immobilization

35
Q

This type of splint is designed to limit a specific aspect of joint ROM for the primary joints?

A

Restriction

36
Q

Main 4 purposes of splints?

A

Mobilization
Immobilization
Restriction
Torque transmission

37
Q

This type of splint harnesses a secondary joint to create motion at the primary joint?

A

Torque Transmission

38
Q

This type of orthoses is classified by no movable parts; it maintain position to hold anatomical structures at the end of available ROM?

A

Static Splint

39
Q

This type of orthoses is classified by remolding static splints?

A

Serial Static Splint

40
Q

This type of orthoses allows motion in 1 direction while blocking it in another; helps the patient regain lost ROM while preventing bad posturing?

A

Dropout Splint

41
Q

This types of orthoses requires a static base with 1 or more resilient components thats apply constant force at end range?

A

Dynamic Splint

42
Q

This type of splint is designed to increase PROM to supplement active motion?

A

Dynamic Splint

43
Q

This type of splint uses inelastic components that allow a patient to adjust the tension?

A

Static-progressive

44
Q

T/F: the static-progressive splint is not dynamic?

A

False

45
Q

This thermoplastic property is associated with memory?

A

elastic

46
Q

This thermoplastic property is associated with drapability?

A

plastic

47
Q

Difference between handling and performance properties?

A

handling are when material is heated and softened

performance are when it is cooled

48
Q

5 handling properties?

A
  1. Memory
  2. Drape
  3. Elastic
  4. Bonding
  5. Self-finishing edges
49
Q

Ability to return to its preheated shape, size, and thickness when reheated?

A

Memory

50
Q

Degree with which a material conforms to the underlying shape without manual assistance?

A

Drapability

51
Q

Resistance to stretch

A

Elastic

52
Q

Degree to which a material will stick to itself?

A

Bonding

53
Q

Characteristics of performance properties

A 
Conformability
flexible
durable
rigid
perforations
finish, color, and thickness
54
Q

This allows for resistance of repeated stress?

A

rigidity

55
Q

Length of time splint material can take stress repeatedly?

A

durable

56
Q

This is the ability to fit into contoured areas

A

conformability

57
Q

An approach that promotes the ability of the individual with hand dysfunction to engage in desired life tasks and occupations?

A

Occupation based practice

58
Q

An approach to service which embraces a philosophy of respect for and partnership with people receiving services?

A

Client centered practice

59
Q

3 components of orthotic intervention?

A

context and environment
intervention levels
therapeutic approach

60
Q

T/F: a circumfrential orthotic is best with a low degree of memory?

A

false, high because want to withstand taking it on and off

61
Q

T/F: with a FA and hand orthotic it is important to have conformability?

A

True

62
Q

Typical degree range for heating water for splinting?

A

135-180 degrees (~160)

63
Q

When would reinforcements be placed on an orthotic?

A

With issues such as high tone or spasticity

64
Q

T/F: heavy load over a short period of time is preferred when creating a wearing schedule?

A

False; want light tension over a long period of time

65
Q

T/F: joints that have a hard end feel require more wearing time for orthotics than joints with soft end feel?

A

True

66
Q

When sleeping at night, what kind of orthotic would you fabricate to help with positioning, inflammation, and pain reduction?

A

Static Splint

67
Q

Wearing schedules should allow for what two aspects at the joint?

A
  1. Functional use

2. Active ROM

68
Q

What 3 things are important for orthotic documentation?

A
  1. type, purpose, and anatomical location
  2. education/instruction (wearing schedule, care, precautions, home care, etc.)
  3. follow up
69
Q

What is required to fabricate a splint?

A

Referral and insurance approval (not all insurances will cover the splints)

70
Q

T/F: all orthotics are covered by insurance?

A

False

Spring 2015: Splinting (4 decks)

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