Day 1 (1-120) Flashcards
abandon
- 포기하다
- 방종
- give up, relinquish
- freedom from inhibition
Gillian danced with reckless abandon.
abase
낮추다, 줄이다
eclipse, degrade, relegate, demote
Asking her to humiliate and abase herself before colleagues is a contravention of her basic human rights.
abash
무안, 당황케하다
embarrass, confound, disconcert
He had never blushed in his life: no humiliation could abash him.
abate
줄이다
dwindle, diminish, taper off, subside, moderate
When I awoke it was broad day, the weather clear, and the storm abated.
abbreviate
생략, 약자로 만들다
shorten, abridge, curtail, truncate
Whenever you have to name something often, and its name is made of many words, you’re allowed to abbreviate.
abdicate
권리따위를 포기하다
cede, abjure, abnegate
The studies show that the activities of the abdicated emperors should not be regarded as the establishment of a new system
aberrant
정상에서 벗어난
atypical, abnormal, deviant
The more aberrant any form is, the greater must be the number of connecting forms which on my theory have been exterminated and utterly lost.
abet
부추기다, 자극하다
incite, foment, provoke, instigate, spur, goad
In fact, all o them directly or indirectly supported and encouraged improper dealings with public funds as well as aided and abeted gradual debasement of human rights and democratic values.
abeyance
중지
inactivity, dormancy, quiescence
He suggested hat at the commencement of hostilities the King should proclaim all nobility to be in abeyance.
This matter has been held in abeyance during the government hearing.
abject
비굴한, 비참한
wretched, degraded, contemptible
People in abject poverty are less happy than people who are modestly well-off, but people who are modestly well-off are not less happy than very rich people.
abjure
포기, 끊다
abstain from, abdicate, renounce, relinquish, disavow, abandon, repudiate
Thomson abjured the heresy of which he was suspected.
abrade
마모로 닳게하다
wear away, erode
The report presents the changes that take pace during the abrasion of textile fabrics.
abreast of
~과 나란히, 함께 하는, 정보에 뒤쳐지지 않는
up to date with, acquainted with, conversant
He walked back to Charles Street by the Garden path, keeping abreast of her, and not losing sight of her for a moment.
abridge
줄이다
epitomize, recapitulate, encapsulate, abstract, condense, abbreviate
I promised you some account of my short excursion to Dorking during the late vacant days of my employment; and I must abridge my plan I perceive before I begin, as I have other letters to write.
abrogate
철폐, 폐지하다
annul, revoke, nullify, undo
The law was abroagated because it did not justify or because it could not be fulfilled.
absolve
죄를 사하다
acquit, exculpate, exonerate, pardon
The Bishop believed that it was adjusted, and a festival day was chosen for the ceremony of absolution, that he might enjoy his -triumph in public.
Nor do I mean someone I must find to gain absolution from sin.
abstasin
삼가, 절제하다
avoid, abnegate
Abstain from all appearance of evil. Not only from evil itself, but from that which seems to be wrong.
abstract
- 추상적인
- 요약, 논문초록
abstruse, complex, deep, hypothetical, nonconcrete
As a final suggestion, instructors often use analogies and metaphors as tools to explain complex or abstract concepts, with the intention of helping students gain understanding by mapping difficult ideas to a familiar one.
abstruse
심오한
inscrutable, impenetrable, unfathomable, enigmatic, recondite, occult, arcane, esoteric, abstruse
I deem it unnecessary for me to undertake to investigate the general rule for extracting the roots of all powers; for it is very abstruse, and the powers which are intended to be extracted by it, are of very little use.
abysmal
최악의, 최저의, 가장 심한 상태의
atrocious, extremely bad, dreadful, awful, terrible, deplorable
Byron lived in abysmal poverty, most of them eating less than one rice - gruel meal a day.
accede
응하다, 동의하다
agree, consent, accept, assent, acquiesce
It is doubtful whether the government will ever accede to the nationalists’ demands for independence.
accelerate
가속하다
hasten, expedite, precipitate, quicken
As the electrons eccelerate, they throw off an intense field of electromagnetic radiation.
acclaim
환호, 갈채를 보내다
praise, applaud, cheer, commend, approve
Despite tremendous critical acclaim, the author couldn’t benefit from expensive marketing campaigns.
acclimate
환경에 적응하다
accustom, adapt
The beginner is expected to acclimate himself to the job and perform at sophisticated level be the end of the third year.
accolade
찬사, 칭찬하는 말
honor, tribute, commendation, praise, compliment
An accolade for the purely musical matters of performance and interpretation does not necessarily mean that the recording itself will also be at the cutting edge.
accord
- 일치시키다, 조화를 이루게하다
- grant 부여하다, 주다
- agree with, match up with, concur with
- afford, grant, impart, bestow
We should act more in accord with our sentiments.
accountability
책임
responsibility, liability
The reason online chatting fails to improve personal relationship comes from lack of accountability.
accrete
점진적으로 증가하다
accumulate, accrue, proliferate
Satellites accrete very rapidly and their optically thick gaseous envelopes are unable to eliminate the heat of accretion.
accrue
누적으로 쌓이다
accumulate, collect, build up, mount up, increase
We find this possibility exciting because of the mutual benefits that accrue for all participants.
acerbic
신랄한, 쓴 맛의
sharp, sarcastic, sardonic, mordant, trenchant, biting, piercing, stinging, scathing, caustic, bitter, acrimonious, astringent, acrid
an imposing, self-mocjking, handsome woman with an ascerbic weith and silver hair
acknowledge
사실따위로 인정, 인지하다
admit, accept, grant, allow, concede
First of all, we must acknowledge that all teachers are not equally endowed with knowledge, training, dedication, or talent.
acme
최 정점
peak, pinnacle, zenith, crest, summit, top, apex, apogee, climax, culmination, heyday
The Night Vision system with pedestrian detection is the acme of superfluous options.
acolyte
조수, 신봉자
assistant, helper, attendant
Ishguro becomes an acolyte at the temple.
acquiesce
저항없이 받아들이다, 묵인하다
accept, consent to, agree to, allow, concede, assent
I have always found that the highest wisdom lies in an acquiescence with the actual.
acquit
무죄로 풀어주다
exculpate, exonerate, absolve, discharge
If the court’s charge is correct, it was impossible for the jory to acquit appellant.
acrid
신랄한, 쓴, 맛이 톡 쏘는
pungent, bitter, caustic, harsh, irritating, acetic, acerbic, astringent, acrimonious
A short time after the administration of these poisons, there felt an acrid, pungent taste, more or less bitter, a burning heat, and considerable dryness in the tongue
acrimonious
신랄한
rancorous, caustic, acerbic, biting, scathing, sarcastic, acid, spiteful, vitriolic, hostile
acrimonious relationship / acrimonious circumstances / a debate that people who attended described as acrimonious
acumen
명민함, 감각, 비평력
astuteness, shrewdness, acuity, discernment, sagacity, perspicacity
That business acumen is particularly important these days
acute
- 심각한
- 날카로운
- 예리함
- severe, critical
- sharp, piercing, excruciating
- astute, keen, discerning, perspicacious, incisive
an acute with to be a mother
For all their charm, many of the stories have a certain unreality they are all about sudden, preternaturally acute insights into character and motive, and take place in a universe conveniently filled with symbols.
adamant
마음을 바꾸지 않는
unwavering, staunch, resolute, determined, steadfast, intransigent, tenacious, intractable
The broadcasters were adamant and refused to change their pattern to seek high revenues.
adduce
예로 증거를 대다
advance, cite, maintain
As long as events adduce to the growth of the company, the chairman is satisfied to take no action.
adept
기술좋은, 숙련된
proficient, deft, dexterous, adroit, skillful
Kay Parker is known as an adept improviser who soothly switched between classical and pop styles.
adherent
신봉자, 지지자
follower, advocate, votary, devotee, partisan
fresh adherents to the theory / a strong adherent of justice
admonish
권고, 경고하다
reprimand, rebuke, scold, reprove, reproach, upbraid, chastise, chide, berate, criticize
admonish a student for his misbehavior
adorn
장식하다
decorate, embellish, ornament, deck, bedeck
adorn a room with flowers / the integrity which adorns his personality
adrift
표류하는, 방황하는, 정해지지 않은
drifting, unsettled, purposeless, aimless
We are once again set adrift without a point of reference.
adroit
솜씨좋은, 능숙한
proficient, competent, gifted, dexterous, adept, skillful, deft
an adroit reply / adroit in handling people
adulate
아부하다
fawn, be obsequious tom, be sycophantic to, flatter, grovel, ingratiate
It is impossible to adulate a man who conducted war in such a brutal and ruthless manner.
adulterate
불순물로 섞다
make impure, degrade, taint, contaminate
He does not want to touch anything that would adulterate the food.
adumbrate
어렴풋이 나타내다
intimate, indicate, suggest, allude, imply, insinuate
The polls may also adumbrate unarticulated ambivalence about feminist ideals.
advent
도래, 출현
arrival, appearance, emergence, materialization, occurrence, introduction
Until, that is, the advent of Minimalism, an ethos so certain of its rightness, both aesthetic and historic, that it stands in the causeway of late 20th-century art as the most intractable of obstacles.
adversary
적
opponent, foe, antagonist, contender
The National Army should be capable of deterring and defeating aggression by any potential adversary.
adversity
역경
misfortune, pitfall, predicament, plight, quandary
He’s facing all kinds of adversity, from lost jobs to separation from his wife.
advocate
고수하다, 옹호하다
support, espouse, endorse, uphold, subscribe, champion
Germany had been the leading advocate in Europe for the integration of Central Europe.
aesthete
미적인 사람, 유미주의자
connoisseur, art-lover
Shaw was a formidable writer and a wit; he was one of the best literary figures whose prose is perfectly admirable; to compare him with Jonathan Swift, though unkind, is not absurd; but he is not an artist, much less an aesthete.
affable
상냥한, 친절한
friendly, amicable, amiable, genial, congenial, cordial
in a relaxed and affable gesture
affect
- 영향 미치다
- 그런 체하다
- have an effect on, influence
- assume, feign, pretende
How did Franklin affect art in general during the last century?
But it is also true that a significant number of consuemrs will be affeted by feelings of guilt, even if they are perhaps unaware of them.
affiliated
연합한, 동맹의 관계인
associated, allied, confederated, amalgamated, merged, united
There are many affiliated radio stations in the US
affinity
- 친밀감, 친화성
- 유사성
- rapport, accord, fondness
- similarity, likeness, analogy
Seoulites stopping to observe a woodpecker is just a minor example of our innate affinity for wildlife.
affirm
확증해주다
declare, assert, proclaim, avow, pronounce
I think it is necessary for the federal government to affirm the traditional marriage institution.
afflic
고통주다
trouble, distress, harass, torment, pester, plague
many forms of cancer that afflict older people
affluent
부유한
wealthy, properous
Between 1990 and mid-1997, more than 100,000 people are expected to emigrate from Hong Kong, and the more affluent and educated people are the most likely to leave.
affront
대들다, 허세부리며 대하다
confront, offend, face, encounter
Sexual harassment is an affront to every decent human being.
aggrandize
- 크게하다
- 찬사하다, 칭찬하다
- increase, multiply, magnify
- acclaim, applaud, commend
In the end, the implementation may have the effect of expanding the power of the company, but it does not impertinently aggrandize the presidential power.
aggravate
- 약화시키다
- 자극하다, 분노하게 하다
- exacerbate, worse, escalate
- exasperate, vex, provoke, infuriate
There is another greater evil which, if not inherent in our rule over India, has been always consequent on it, and which, if persisted in, cannot fail materially to aggravate all the other causes of disaffection to our authority.
aggregate
종합하다
gather, collect, total, sum
Census data is delivered to users only in aggregate form.
aggrieved
분개한, 억울해 하는, 감정이 상한
resentful, irked, indignant, upset, disgruntled, discontented
agile
기민한, 재빠른
quick, nimble, sharp, scute, shrewd, astute, nimble
agile movement / agile process / agile operations
agitate
마음 동요하게 하다
upset, perturb, foment, fluster, ruffle, disconcert, disquiet
My father seemed agitated when he heard the car accident.
agony
극심한 고통
pain, suffering, torture, torment, affliction, trauma
Bark choked down the wrenching agony inside him.
ailing
병든, 약화된
debilitated, enfeebled, poorly
No sector from among the dominant class or the military seemed able to exercise political hegemony over the ailing society, and the signs of revolution were fearfully interpreted.
albeit
~에도 불구하고
although, even though
The national economy has begun adding jobs, albeit ploddingly.
alienate
- 소원하여 멀어지게 하다
- 양도하다
- estrange
- concede, cede, yield, transfer
Alienated from others people feel uncomfortable and lonely.
My argument assumes that trade agreements are ostensibly contracts among self-interested politicians seeking to maximize their political fortunes and that these politicians would be reluctant to alienate ther core politicial constituency that benefits from such trade agreements.
align
연합하다, 정렬하다
ally oneself, affiliate oneself, put in order
Align the two sets of 5x7 frames as shown.
allay
완화시키다, 누구러뜨리다
soothe, alleviate, assuage, ease, relieve, moderate, abate
The new government policy focused to ally the concerns of investors and conservatives.
alleviate
완화시키다, 가볍게하다
soothe, allay, abagte, assuage, relieve, moderate
The nutrition program should be seen as an decision to alleviate hunger and prevent health care problems.
allocate
나누다, 할당하다
allot, designate, assign, distribute
Resources must be allocated effectively to maximize profit
alloy
합금
mixture, amalgam, compound, combination
This is the new metal alloy that’s the hardest, yet the lightest.
allusive
암시적인
refer to, hint, imply, intimate, suggest, insinuate, adumbrate
Eliot’s The Waste Land is a highly allusive and fragmentary verse epic.
aloof
거리를 두는, 냉담한
distant, detached, unsociable, remote
The participants perceived the university environment negatively, and complained about and remained aloof from the environment.
altruistic
이타주의적인
unselfish, selfless, compassionate, charitable, benevolent
The newly proposed theory that baffled Darwin was the evolution of altruistic behaviors among organisms.
amalgamate
혼합시키다, 융합시키다
combine, merge, unite, fuse, blend, meld
The new elements amalgamate seamlessly into any modern living room.
ambience
분위기, 정서, 환경
atmosphere, mood, feeling
She is excellent on landscape and ambience but less successful when it comes to defining individual identities, including her subject’s.
ambiguous
애매한, 여러가지로 해석될 수 있는
equivocal, obscure, unclear, uncertain, vague
Professor Woofe’s new work offers a wide-ranging challenge to a technically sophisticated, increasingly global, but often morally ambiguous culture.
ambivalent
상반된 상태가 섞여있는
equivocal, uncertain, unsure, doubtful, indecisive, inconclusive, wavering, mixed
Some may not understand what is being said or may have guilty, unclear or ambivalent feelings about the issue being discussed.
amble
천천히 걷다
stroll, saunter, wander, ramble
She noticed three men amble into the room laughing at themselves.
ameliorate
개선하다, 개량하다
improve, make better, enhance
Altering patterns of behavior is one of the best ways to help clients ameliorate problems.
amenable
잘따르는, 순종적인
cooperative, acquiescent, compliant, accommodating, obliging, receptive
Two of the problems are fundamental, being associated with factors that are not amenable to change.
amend
고치다, 개선하다; 수정, 개정하다
revise, alter, adapt, change, modify
Visually literate individuals have a sense of deisgn – the imaginative ability to create, amend, and reproduce images.
amenity
편의시설; 쾌적함, 예의
facility, service, convenience, benefit
…offering passenger amenity
amity
우호, 우정, 친목
friendliness, accord, harmoniousness
They live together in amity, they consult together in times of emergency, they close their ranks to defend their way of life whenever it is threatened.
amorphous
형태, 정의등이 확실치 않은
shapeless, formless, structureless, indeterminate, indefinite
The United States is a kind of amorphous conglomerate made up of various interests.
anachronistic
시대착오적인; 구시대적인
obsolete, outdated, ancient, antiquated, disused
analgesic
통증을 없애주는; 진통제
anodyne, painkiller, soother
Patients also recorded the humber of days that they elected to take analgesic medication for procedure-related pain.
analogous
유사한
comparable, parallel, similar, like, akin
Party bolting may be seen as analogous to the phenomenon of an earthquake.
anathema
저주, 증오, 파문, 이단배척
abomination, outrage, disgrace, evil, bane
We have placed ourselves under an anathema that we will eat nothing until we have sacrificed our daughter.
ancillary
부속의, 보조의
additional, auxiliary, supporting, helping, extra, supplementary, supplemental, accessory, subsidiary
Some Asian leaders will likely be eager the receive financial assistant from European nations to accomplish the ancillary improvements needed to assure the developmental possibility of the trade agreement.
anecdote
일화, 짧은 이야기
story
This anectode illuminated the research showing how healthy people can end up doing crazy things.
annotate
주석을 달다
comment on, gloss
Students may also be encouraged to annotate texts and to link them to other Internet sites.
annul
무효로하다, 취소하다, 폐지하다
nullify, invalidate, repeal, rescind, revoke
In the course of our remarks, we shall generally employ the term annul, in preference to the enw-fashioned word nullify.
anomalous
변칙적인, 비정상의 ,특이한
abnormal, atypical, irregular, aberrant, errant, erratic
As soon as those anomalous patterns show, we’ll change one of the parameters, and if it shows again, conclude the trial.
anonymous
무명의, 익명의
unnamed, unidentified
The novelist was grateful to many anonymous reviewers for helpful criticism and suggestions.
antedate
선행하다, 앞서다
precede, predate, come/go before
Some of the Hopi words antedate the arrival of Europeans – and anthropological studies.
antidote
치료제, 해독제, 방책
remedy, cure, antitoxin
A slow trot may be the beset antidote for today’s fast-paced way of life.
antipathy
반감, 혐오
hostility, antagonism, animosity, aversion, animus, enmity, hatred, loathing
The president had tapped into the growing antipathy toward the government’s new financial policy, which many voters saw as wasteful.
antiquated
오래된, 고풍스런
outdated, out of date, old-fashioned, anachronistic
In general, traditional constuction is too slow, too expensive, too wasteful and too antiquated.
antithetical
반대의
opposed, contrasting, contrary, contradictory
The future of taxidermy in museums is bleak. Their stature never great to begin with, has been eroded, and their talents have found their way into disciplines peripheral to, or even antithetical to, natural history itself.
apathetic
무감각한, 무정한, 무관심한
uninterested, indifferent, unconcerned, dispassionate, lukewarm
As noted previously, there has recently been an awakening by many of the apathetic, leading them to support the principal.
apex
최고점
peak, summit, pinnacle, climax, culmination, zenith, acme, apogee
A wise man can and should stand above his times, not so the poet, but he should be their apex.
aphorism
경구, 금언, 격언
saying, maxim, axiom, adage, epigram, dictum
He admits defeat and borrows Socrates’ famous aphorism – “I know that I do not know.”
apocalyptic
묵시적인, 종말론적인
doomsday, doomladen, ominous, portentous
The recent cold snap doesn’t appear to have been severe enough or lasted long enough to do the apocalyptic damage of those previous freezes.
apocryphal
저작자가 의심스러운, 가짜의
unverified, unauthenticated, unsubstantiated
Today we too recognize that many of these apocryphal stories are much too fantastic to b e regarded as historical.
apologist
변론자
defender, supporter, upholder, advocate, proponent, exponent
The Modernist appears now as philosopher, then as apologist, elsewhere as historian or critic, other times as reformer or as theologian.
apostate
변절자
dissenter, defector, deserter, traitor, turncoat
Colonialism and its followers, the apostate rulers, then started to openly erect crusader centers, societies and organizations like Masonic Lodges.
appall
오싹하게하다, 겁나게하다
horrify, shock, dismay, distress
It was a scene well calculated to appall the boldest heart.
apparition
유령, 갑자기 나타나는 것
ghost, phantom, specter, spirit
I was far too seriously startled by the suddenness with which this extraordinary apparition stood before me, in the dead of night and in that lonely place.
appease
달래다, 진정시키다
conciliate, placate, pacify, mollify, propitiate, reconcile
They did nothing decisive to save the ecosphere, as everything had to be balanced to appease competing interests.
appraise
감정, 평가하다
assess, evaluate, judge, rate
It is the part of the bishop to judge as to the gravity of the offenses, to weigh the accusation of the penitent, to appraise the corrective of his or her weeping and tears, and to order the penitent to be absolved.
appreciable
상당한, 쉽게 알아볼 수 있는
considerable, substantial, significant, sizable, noticeable
Regrettably, the situation has not imporved in any appreciable manner since the publication of Thompson’s book.
apprehend
- 잡다, 체포하다
- 파악하다
apprehensive / 걱정하는, 두려워하는
appreciate, discern, perceive, make out, comprehend
Given these statistics, lawyers with websites have good reason to be apprehensive ab out uninvited communications that could inadvertertly lead to the formation of lawyer-client relationships, conflicts of interests and breaches of confidentiality.
