Davies, Croall, Tyrer (2015)

Question 1

CC - stress the role of CJ in terms of the…

Answer 1

Efficient controlling of crime (conveyor belt)

Question 2

CC- stresses the role of the system in reducing, preventing and curbing crime by…

Answer 2

Prosecuting and punishing those who are guilty of offences

Question 3

CC- stresses the importance of protecting citizens and serving the public by…

Answer 3

Crime reduction

Question 4

CC- police and prosecution agencies may interpret their role primarily as

Answer 4

Crime fighters

Question 5

CC- problems:

If aim is pursued regardless of rules protecting the rights of suspect, such as:

Answer 5

Fabricating evidence

Question 6

CC- problems: underules many laws governing police procedure, such as the legislative reforms of 1980s:

Answer 6

Police And Criminal Evidence Act 1984

Prosecution of Offences Act 1985

Question 7

DP - resembles an

Answer 7

Obstacle course

Question 8

DP - represents an idealised version of how the system should work derived from the ideas inherent in

Answer 8

the rule of law

Question 9

DP - encompasses the principle of the

Answer 9

Defendant’s rights

Question 10

DP - encompasses/incorporates principles such as:

Answer 10

Presumption of innocence

Defendant’s right to fair trial

Equality before the law

Justice should be seen to be done

Question 11

DP - Packer 1968 -stressed the importance of…

Answer 11

Rule of law and procedural safeguards

Question 12

Packer’s 2 alternative models CC and DP created?

Answer 12

1968

Question 13

Rehabilitation introduced by

Answer 13

King

Question 14

Rehabilitation - offenders may not be wholly responsible for their own actions - criminality may spring from…

Answer 14

Individual characteristics/social factors: e.g.

Psychological disturbance, family/social environment related problems

Question 15

Rehabilitation - may make little sense to punish offenders without at the same time attempting to deal with these…

Answer 15

Underlying issues

Question 16

Rehabilitation - major considerations at each stage = how best to deal with the the individual offender, assuming that their criminality can be reduced by taking a…

Answer 16

Rehabilitative approach

Question 17

Rehabilitation - may be more desirable for police to divert some offenders, especially young, from the system in circumstances where they feel no benefit will be served by…

Answer 17

Prosecution

Question 18

Rehabilitation - involvement of social workers and probation officers at the sentencing stage by preparing pre-sentence reports on the offender’s circumstances and outlining sentencing options - may involve:

Answer 18

Counselling and treatment (rather than punishment)

Question 19

Rehabilitation - individualises decisions (discretion) requiring that the offender’s needs are

Answer 19

Taken into account

Question 20

Rehabilitation - gives all agencies far greater amounts of discretion, may conflict with other goals, such as:

Answer 20

DP- seek to ensure all offenders are treated equally

CC- stresses the need to punish the guilty