databases Flashcards
What is a database?
A collection of tables of data
What is the software that databases use?
Database management system
What are the 2 types of databases?
Relational
Non relational
What is a relational database?
A database where data is stored in a tabular format
(Tables)
What is a non relational database?💿
It is a database where data is stored in key value pairs
What is SQL used for?
Structured Query Language used For manipulating and storing data in databases
What are the 5 functions of SQL?
Create
Select
Insert into
Delete
Update
What is input sanitisation?
It clears the inputted data of unwanted characters to avoid malicious code such as speech marks, brackets, commas
What is input validation?
It checks the inputted data fits the criteria so that it is in an accepted format.
What is a record?
A record is collection of data within a table related to a topic
What is a field?
A field is a set of values arranged in a table that has the same data type
What is maintainability?
Ensures that your code is eas to understand, read, modify and reuse to prevent bugs and errors so your code runs smoothly
What are methods of maintaining code?
Indentation
Formatting
Commenting
Subprograms
Naming conventions
What are naming conventions?
It is when you give variables appropriate names so the code is easier to understand and you use no gaps and only lowercase letters and use underscores
(The set of rules that are followed in order to make an appropriate/good variable name)
What is formatting?
Formatting is the structure of the code or the way its presented
What is indentation?
Shows which line of code is part of a sequence or iteration for example if a print statement is inside a for loop
What is defense design?
Its important because it ensures the code still works no matter what the user does and prevents bugs and also makes sure its easier to read
What is authentication?
Its a process which checks that the user is who they say they are for example: using username and password
What is a syntax error?
An error which happens when the code doesnt follow the rules of the programming language
What is a logical error?
A logical error is when the code will execute but will produce unexpected results
What are the 2 types of testing?
Iterative
Terminal
What is iterative testing?
It is when you run the code while the program is still being developed
What is terminal testing?
It is when you run the code after the program has fully been developed
Why is testing important?
Helps identify bugs and errors early which reduces flaws in the code
What is a runtime error?
An error that occurs while the program is running after being successfully compiled
What is the “where” clause used for?
To filter records and only show records that meet specific conditions using words such as “AND” “LIKE” and an = sign
What is a format check?
Ensures the data follows a set pattern
What is a length check?
Ensures that the number of characters meets expectations
What is a type check?
Ensures the data entered is of an expected type
What is a range check?
Ensures the data is between an upper and lower acceptable value within a certain rangeq
What is a presence check?
Ensures that the user has at least entered something into the field
What is blackbox testing?
examines the functionality of an application without peering into its internal structures or workings.
What is whitebox testing?
White box testing is a method of testing software that tests internal structures or workings of an application
What is erroneous error?
data that the program cannot process and should not accept
What is a boundary error?
valid data that falls at the boundary of any possible ranges, sometimes known as extreme data
What is normal data?
Normal valid data that the program should accept
