Database Management 3

Question 1

exists when you can change the file structure without affecting the application’s ability to access the data.

Answer 1

structural independence

Question 2

Database design refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and manage end-user data.

data processing (DP) specialist was hired to create a computer-based system that would track data and produce required reports.

A file system exhibits structural dependence, which means that access to a file is dependent on its structure

Answer 2

info …

Question 3

Because all data access programs are subject to change when any of the file’s data storage characteristics change (that is, changing the data type), the file system is said to exhibit data dependence. Conversely, data independence exists when you can change the data storage characteristics without affecting the program’s ability to access the data.

Answer 3

info …

Question 4

logical data format (how the human being views the data) and the physical data format (how the computer must work with the data).

Answer 4

logical and physical data format

Question 5

poor data security, data inconsistency, data-entry errors, data integrity problems.

Answer 5

Uncontrolled Data Redundancy effects

Question 6

Data redundancy fosters an abnormal condition by forcing field value changes in many different locations.

data anomaly develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully.

Answer 6

info …

Question 7

refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.

Answer 7

database system

Question 8

The DBMS stores definitions of the data elements and their relationships (metadata) in a data dictionary. In turn, all programs that access the data in the database work through the DBMS.

Answer 8

Data dictionary management

Question 9

relates to the activities that make the database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed.

Answer 9

Performance tuning

Question 10

is a nonprocedural language—one that lets the user specify what must be done without having to specify how. Structured Query Language (SQL) is the de facto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors.

Answer 10

A query language