Database Management 1

Question 1

Files having no internal hierarchy.

Answer 1

Flat Files

Question 2

Files containing an unsorted set of records that are uniquely identified by a record id which allows them to be inserted or deleted using that id.

Answer 2

Heap Files

Question 3

Files that store a list of lookup field values from a data file – along with the location (address) in the data file of the corresponding record. Because the lookup field is much smaller than the entire record, the entire index will usually fit in main memory for quick look up. Once the address of the record is obtained from the index, the entire record can then be directly accessed from the data file instead of reading in the entire data file – record by record, in order to locate the desired one.

Answer 3

Index Files

Question 4

Files which use a hash function to decide where a record should be placed on a disk. This allows for faster data lookup without the use of an index file.

Answer 4

Hashed Files

Question 5

A flat file database, for example, stores its data on the computer in a file that is unstructured and called a “flat file”. Flat files are plain text files or binary files. In order to access or edit the data, the entire file is read into computer memory. After the database operations have completed, the entire file is then written back out.

Answer 5

info …

Question 6

An index file lists keywords and phrases that you may wish to look up that are located in a particular file. Stored with the keywords and phrases is a pointer to the location in the file where the information can be found.

Answer 6

info …

Question 7

Data consists of raw facts. The word raw indicates that the facts have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning.

Answer 7

info …

Question 8

Information is the result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning.

knowledge—that is, the body of information and facts about a specific subject.

Data management is a discipline that focuses on the proper generation, storage, and retrieval of data.

Answer 8

info …

Question 9

stores information such as the name of each data element, the type of values (numeric, dates, or text) stored on each data element, and whether the data element can be left empty.

Answer 9

metadata component

Question 10

is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database. The DBMS enables the data in the database to be shared among multiple applications or users. Second, the DBMS integrates the many different users’ views of the data into a single all-encompassing data repository. Has : improved data sharing, improved data security, better data integration, minimized data inconsistency, improved data access, improved decision making (Data quality is a comprehensive approach to promoting the accuracy, validity, and timeliness of the data.), increased end-user productivity.

Answer 10

A database management system (DBMS)