Database Management Flashcards
What is data
Unprocessed numbers, facts or signals
Must be processed and organised into meaningful information to be used
What are databases
A collection of organised data
The single most important tool for developers
What are 3 examples of uses of databases
Store the settings in an application
Store text on a website
Store graphics
What are 2 things that database management software does
Creates the database and tables
Manages data security
What is a web form
An online interactive page that allows for user input
What do electronic tags do
They transmit a radio frequency from the tag to a tag reader or vice versa
How does an electronic tag work
It transmits the information to a computer program associated with the tag to track or identify different items
What does RFID stand for
Radio frequency identification
What do RFIDs refer to
Tiny chips that can store a few kilobytes of information
What are 5 examples of things that RFIDs can used to tag
All products stored in a warehouse
Tools stored in a workshop
The tickets of people going to conferences, sports events or concerts
The tickets of people using public transport
All products sold in a shop
What is a digital sensor
An electronic or electrochemical sensor where data conversion and data transmission happen digitally
Why do we say databases form the heart of the internet
They store most of the information shown on websites
Why are databases important on websites where users create the content
It is impossible for a data capturer to add information manually
What is a cookie
It is a message given to a web browser by a web server
What is the purpose of a cookie
To identify users and customise web pages for them
What are 4 benefits of transaction tracking
Consumer safety when it comes to shopping
Enhancing a user’s on-site experience by tracking browsing history
Demographic profiles
Fraud detection
What is the main disadvantage of transaction tracking
Unauthorised use of your personal information
What is location based data
Data that provides information about different things that can be shown on maps
What is static location-based data
Data such as roads etc. that will not change
What is Non-static location based data
Data that tracks moving objects such as airplanes
What are 3 examples of location-based computing
Weather Apps
Food ordering applications
Car sharing services
What is data warehousing
A technique for storing data on more than one database
What is normalisation
The process of refining the structure of a database to minimise redundancy and improve integrity
When does data redundancy occur
When the same piece of data is stored in two different places
What is the difference between data warehousing and a database
A data warehouse stores a large quantity of historical data and all the data from the various databases are available
A database stores current transactions and enables easy access to specific transactions for ongoing business processes
What is data mining
Data mining is a process used to identify trends and patterns between different sets of data in large databases
What is data mining used for
Decision making and marketing etc.
What are the 3 steps of the data mining process
Extract the relevant data
Look for patterns in the data
Discover knowledge from the patterns
What must you specify to find the correct data
Which fields to extract
Which data tables to use
Which conditions are used
What are the 5 characteristics of quality data
Accurate
Consistent
Current
Complete
Relevant
What are the 7 ways to protect data
Data validation
Data verification
Data integrity checks
Logging changes
Data warehousing
Access Control
Parallel data sets
What is data validation
The process in which you check whether the data is accurate, in the correct format or of the correct type before allowing your database to record it
What is data verfication
A manual technique that can be used to make sure that the data on a database is correct and accurate
What are the two types of data verification
Full verification
Sample verification
What is full verification
Each piece of data that is entered into a database is read and checked by someone
What is sample verification
A randomly selected sample of data is checked to ensure there not systematic errors
What is data integrity
The reliability, accuracy and how trustworthy data is
What are integrity controls
Built-in to DBMSs to help maintain their data integrity
What are logging changes
Logging is the process of recording any changes made by users to a database
What does an audit trail record
Who made the changes
What the user changed
When they made the changes
How can data warehousing improve data integrity (3)
Make incorrect data entries or data corruption more visible by allowing data analysis
Make data loss more visible
Used to recover critical data if it is deleted or corrupted
