Data Visualization Flashcards
Methods of Data Presentation
Narrative, Tabular, Graphical
o data is presented in narrative form’
o typically used for small data sets and limited summaries
o interpret or translate the data into text
narrative
other term for narrative
o also called Textual
Graphical is also know as
also known as Pictorial Representations of Numerical Data
preferable to deliver a specific message than to present data in a table
Graphical
can show trends or patterns in a large data set
Graphical
Pointers in Creating a Graphical Presentation
Self-explanatory
▪ Scales should be properly labeled
▪ Trend lines should be properly identified through
labels or legends
▪ Grids may be used as a guide
▪ Should be devoid of unnecessary trimmings and
draftsmanship
▪ Scales should start with zero
▪ Use colors for emphasis or differentiation
▪ On an arithmetic scale, equal distances between
tick marks an axis should represents equal
numerical units
o simplest method of data presentation
o can be used for all numerical data
o can present trends, comparisons, and
interrelationships among different variables
Tabular
A table should be
simple, direct, and clear
Parts of a Table
Table number, Title, Captions, Stubs, Source note, Footnote
A table number should be
o numbered consecutively
A title should be
able to give complete information – who, what, where
indicates the basis of classification (Vertical)
Column Headings/ captions
o indicates the basis of classification
(Horizontal)
Row Headings (stubs)
intersection of a Row and a Column
Body
should be placed immediately below the bottom rule of the table
Footnote
when the data presented is not original, it is obligatory to specify the source
Source of data
Pointers in Creating a Table
▪ Positioning
o place it immediately after the text where it is cited
▪ Uniformity
o should be standard
▪ Number of Variables
o should be limited
▪ Self-explanatory
o readers should be able to understand the context without referring to the explanation
▪ Ruling
o separation of rows and column within the table
Different Types of Graphs
Bar chart, Histogram, Box plot, 2-way scatter plot, line graph, frequency polygon
o a popular type of graph to present a frequency distribution for nominal or ordinal data
o useful for comparing data between different classifications or categories
Bar Chart/Graph
commonly used type of graph to portray frequency distribution for discrete or continuous data
determine the scales
of axes; vertical scale should always begin in ZERO; if not, the comparison among intervals
may be distorted
Histogram
o similar to histogram
o placing a point at the CENTER of each interval
o points are connected by a STRAIGHT LINE
Frequency Polygon
o commonly used type of graph to portray
frequency distribution for a discrete or
continuous data
o uses a SINGLE AXIS to display selected summaries of measurements
box plot
used to portray the relationship between two different continuous data
Two-way Scatter Plots
o each point on the graph represents a pair of
value
o scales are positioned in horizontal and vertical axis
Two-way Scatter Plots
o used to illustrate the relationship between continuous quantities
o points in horizontal axis have a single corresponding measurement on the vertical
axis
ADJACENT points are connected by a STRAIGHT line
o intended to portray trends
line graph
in a line graph horizontal axis represents
time
▪ display the data into groups
▪ shows how many data occur in each group
▪ used to group a large data set
▪ variables (data) summarized into tables
frequency distribution
shows connections and correlations between
variables
give example
Relationship
o ex. Scatter Plot, Line Chart
o to demonstrate the parts that make up a
whole
give example
▪ Composition
o ex. Pie Chart
to emphasize differences between data
points or groups
give example
Comparison
o ex. Bar Chart, Line Char
o to illustrate the spread and frequency of data
points within a data set
▪ Distribution
ex. Histogram, Box Plot
