Data security

Question 1

Fire wall

Answer 1

Can be software or hardware accepts or rejects incoming
and outgoing packets based on criteria

Question 2

pharming

Answer 2

redirects a user to a false
website misdirects browser to a bogus website by modifying entries on a DNS server or by being installed on your computer

Question 3

anti-virus software

Answer 3

scans files on the hard drive
for malicious software

Question 4

encryption

Answer 4

converts data to an alternative form which is seems like garbage information. as it is coded.

Question 5

virus

Answer 5

Virus replicates itself, can damage computer data can cause computer malfunctions

Question 6

Virus checker

Answer 6

Scans files stored on a computer system for malicious code
* Scans files when they enter the system / memory stick inserted /
download etc.
* Sets up a schedule for virus-checking
* Isolates / quarantines / deletes viruses
* Regularly updates the virus definitions

Question 7

Spyware

Answer 7

spyware records / accesses data
spyware sends recorded data to third party
spyware does not replicate itself
malicious software
downloaded / installed/run without the user’s knowledge
can pretend to be / are embedded in other legitimate software when downloaded // both try to avoid the firewall
runs in the background

Question 8

Hackers

Answer 8

Malicious and ethical -
Malicious is illegal access to a computer system, without a users permission or knowledge
Ethical - authorized by companies to check their security measures. Done with permission and a fee is paid to the ethical hacker

Question 9

Phishing

Answer 9

(malicious) emails that direct users to fake websites

Question 10

Prevention from hackers

Answer 10

Strong passwords, firewalls and software to detect illegal activity

Question 11

Prevention from Viruses

Answer 11

Anti virus
:>

Question 12

Prevention from phishing

Answer 12

Users need to be aware of these scams
Do not click on link unless the user is certain that it is safe
look out for https
Anti phishing tools on web browsers

Question 13

Prevention from pharming

Answer 13

Antivirus software
modern web browsers
spellings of websites
green padlock symbol on the address bar

Question 14

Data integrity

Answer 14

The accuracy, completeness and consistency data

Question 15

Validation

Answer 15

method to make sure data that has been entered is reasonable and meets criteria

Question 16

Verification

Answer 16

Method to make sure that data entered is correct by using double entry or visual checks and mor e

Question 17

Types of validation

Answer 17

type - int, float etc
range - age of -120 is not possible
format - date
length - telephone
presence - something is entered
existence - something that is actually exists
limit check - upper bound, lower bound
consistency - only that number of values are entered
uniqueness - usernames

Question 18

Types of verification

Answer 18

Double entry
Visual check
Check digits
Checksum
Parity checks

Question 19

ARQ - automatic repeat request

Answer 19

Acknowledgement - a message is sent when the receiver showing that the data is sent correctly
Timeout - a time interval before the acknowledgement is sent again
If an error is detected in the data then the data is requested to be sent again
If there is no error then a positive acknowledgement is sent to the sender