Data Representation

Question 1

How do you calculate the File Size of a Sound?

Answer 1

Time - Seconds (convert if needed)
Rate - Hertz (Hz)
Resolution - Bits

Sample Rate (Hz) x Sample Resolution (bits) x Length (secs) = File Size

Convert to other Storage Units if needed.

Question 2

How do you convert between storage units?

Answer 2

Bits -> ÷ 8 -> Bytes -> ÷ 1000 -> Kilobytes -> ÷ 1000 -> Megabytes -> ÷ 1000 -> Gigabytes -> ÷ 1000 -> Terabytes

TB -> x1000 -> GB -> x1000 -> MB -> x1000 -> KB -> x1000 -> B -> x8 -> b

Question 3

What is half of a byte (8 bits)?

Answer 3

Nibble (4 bits)

Question 4

How many bits are in one megabyte?

Answer 4

1MB -> x1000 -> 1000KB -> x1000 -> 1,000,000B -> x8 -> 8,000,000b

8,000,000 bits

Question 5

What is meant by “left shift”?

Answer 5

You multiply - e.g., left shift of 3

00000010 (2) -> 00010000 (16)

2 x 2^3 or 2 x 8

Question 6

What is meant by “right shift”?

Answer 6

You divide - e.g., right shift of 3

00010000 (16) -> 00000010 (2)

16 ÷ 2^3 or 16 ÷ 8

Question 7

What do you do for 2+ binary addition?

Answer 7

0 + 1 = 1
1 + 0 = 1
0 + 0 = 0
1 + 1 = 0, carry 1 over
1 + 1 + 1 = 1, carry 1 over

Question 8

List the values used in Hexadecimal (base16).

Answer 8

0 - 9
A - F (10 - 15)

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

Question 9

How do you convert from Binary -> Hexadecimal or Hexadecimal -> Binary?

Answer 9

Put in values, change any letters to what they represent

Two nibbles (8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1)

Convert values to binary (15/F is a full nibble)

For Binary -> Hex, convert binary back to normal numbers (2 nibbles, not 1 full byte) then change any numbers above 9 to what they are represented as.

Question 10

How do you convert from Decimal -> Hexadecimal?

Answer 10

Divide by 16 or see how many times 16 goes into it
Then take your answer away from the original number (remainder)
Then convert any numbers above 9 to hex values (letters)