Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psy 361 > Data quality and research Design 1 > Flashcards

Data quality and research Design 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Personality Traid

A

The combination of how people think, feel, and behave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Personality

A

An individuals characteristics patterns of Thought, Emotion and Behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Basic approaches

A

Personality psy is organized around several basic approaches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Trait approach

A

Focuses on how differences might be measured and followed over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Biological Approach

A

includes anatomy physiology genetics and evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Psychoanalytic approach

A

Unconscious mind and the nature and resolution of internal mental conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Phenomenological approach

A

focuses on peoples conscious experience of the world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Humanistic

A

Conscious awareness produces uniquely human attributes understand meaning and basis of happiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cross-cultural

A

The experience of reality might be different across cultures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Learning

A

How behavior changes due to rewards punishments etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Social learning

A

How observation and self-evaluation determine behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cognitive Personality

A

Focuses on cognitive processes including perception, memory and thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Funders First Law

A

Great strengths are usually great weaknesses opposite is true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Research

A

The exploration of the unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Technical Training

A

How to use and apply what is already known

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Funders Second law

A

There are no perfect indicators of personality there are only clues and clues are ambiguous
something beats nothing two times out of three

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

S- data self judgements/ sekf reports..High face validity

A

An instrument appears to be measuring what it is actually intended to (personality questions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Advantages of S data

A

Large amount of info, you know yourself, you are your best expert, self verification(trying to get others to see you how you do)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Disadvantages

A

Bias: Overly pos/neg. Desire for privacy. faking. distortion of memory, lack of self insight and carelessness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Informant Data

A

see how people are observed by family and friends. May be more accurate then self judgments
Judgments: Based on observation someone in an everyday environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Advantages of informant data

A

Large amount of info, many behaviors in many different situations. Real world basis, no tests relevant for important outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Disadvantages of I data

A

Limited behavioral info. lack of access to private experiences and behaviors Error, more likely to remember extreme behaviors

23
Q

Life outcome Data

A

You can see how someone is doing in real life outcomes you can obtain information by looking to resumes or career logs

24
Q

Advantages of L data

A

Objective and verifiable. intrinsic importance. psychological relevance

25
Q

Disadvantages of L data

A

Multi determinational. not just one factor, many reasons and outcomes

26
Q

Natural B data

A

Gathered by observing a person or having them record themselves

27
Q

Diary and experience sampling

A

the person observes themselves rather then a psychologist or trained person

28
Q

EAR

A

electronically activated recorder wearable camera

29
Q

Ambulatory Assessment

A

using computer-assisted methods to asses behavior, thoughts and feelings during normal activities (tiktok)

30
Q

Laboratory B data

A

Observing behavior in the lab observations come in two categories

31
Q

Behavioral Experiments

A

Make a situation happen and record behavior

examines reactions to situations

represent real life contexts that are difficult to observe

32
Q

Physiological measures

A

gives us info on biological behavior

33
Q

Advantages of B-data

A

wide rang of contexts, Researchers con construct situations
Appearance of objectivity
less distortion and exaggeration
however subjectivity judgements must still be mad

34
Q

Disadvantages Of B data

A

requires lots of time and effort and can be expensive since special equipment is needed.

Behaviors may not mean what we think they do

Funder: B-data without s or I data are psychologically uninterpretable

35
Q

Behavioroid

A

Participants report what they think they would do. this is a mix of s data and B data

36
Q

S-data and B data personality tests

A

Most personality tests provide S data.
Others personality tests yield B data

37
Q

Is intelligence a personality trait

A

Tests of intelligence or IQ tests also yield B-data

38
Q

Projective tests

A

The person may or may not be aware of the inner processes

39
Q

Draw-A-Person tests

A

Interpreted based on what kind of person is drawn

40
Q

Thematic Apperception tests (TAT)

A

Tell stories about drawings of people and ambiguous events used to asses motivational events

41
Q

Projective Tests

A

Analysis of content stories, letters, and speeches. Mostly down by clinical psy

most used with Wechsler Intelligence tests and Inkblot tests and TAT

42
Q

Disadvantages

A

Validity experience is scarce. Expensive and time consuming. Psychologists cant be sure what they mean. sometimes are used inappropriately

43
Q

Advantages

A

Good for breaking the ice, skilled clinicians use these to get info not captured by controlled research

44
Q

Personality tests: Objective tests

A

Questions seem more objective and less open for interpretation

Commonality scale

not very useful for personality measurement

45
Q

Rational method

A

write items that seem directly, obviously, and rationally related to what is being measured
Based on theory, but sometimes less systematic
* Woodworth Personality Data Sheet in WWI
* Provides S-data

46
Q

Four Conditions for validity

A
  1. Items mean the same thing to the test taker and creator
  2. Capability for accurate self-assessment
  3. Willingness to make an accurate and undistorted report
  4. Items must be valid indicators of what is being
    measured
47
Q

Methods of objective tests construction: Rational

A

Most rationally constructed tests do not meet all four conditions

continue to be the most common form of psy measurement

48
Q

Face validity

A

Rational tests seek to measure exactly what they seem to be measured on their “face”

49
Q

Methods of Objective Test Construction: Factor Analytic

A

A statistical technique that identifies groups of things that seem to have something in common

50
Q

Steps for using this method

A
  • Generate a long list of objective items
  • Administer these items to a large number of people
  • Analyze with a factor analysis
  • Consider what the items that group together have in
    common and name the factor
51
Q

Three Questionnaire Items That Measure the Same Factor

A

If these three items are correlated with each other—
that is, people who answer True to the first item tend to answer True to the second one and False to the
third—they might all “load on” (or measure) a common psychological factor.

52
Q

Methods of Objective Test Construction:
Empirical

A

Empirical method: Identify items based on how people
in preidentified groups respond
* Gather many items
* Use a sample of people already divided into groups
* Administer test
* Compare the answers of the different groups

53
Q

Cross-validation:

A

Determine whether the test can
predict behavior, diagnosis, or category membership in
a new sample

54
Q

Methods of Objective Test Construction:
Mixed

A

A combination of methods
* Generate items with rational method, analyze
responses with factor analysis, and correlate
factors with independent criteria.
* Any personality scale must show that it can
predict what people do, how they are seen by
others, and how they fare in life

psy 361 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions