Data Collection Techniques in Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main types of research design?

A

experimental and correlational

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2
Q

What are the main three experimental designs?

A

Lab-based, field-based, natural experiments

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3
Q

Evaluate lab based studies

A

Pro: controlled, replicate
Con: artificial, demand characteristics

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4
Q

Evaluate field based studies

A

Pro: high ecological validity, less demand characteristics
Con: less control over confounding variables

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5
Q

Evaluate natural experiments

A

Pro: high ecological, ethical issues arent here
Con: costly, no control

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6
Q

Evaluate correlational design

A

Pro: predict relationship, generalise to more contexts, investigate ethical stuff

con: cannot establish causaiton

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7
Q

What are the data collection methods in psychology?

A
o	Observational methods
o	Case studies
o	Surveys
o	Interviews
o	Experiments
o	New technologies
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8
Q

What are the three main types of observational data?

A

Controlled observation, naturalistic observation and participant observation

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9
Q

Eval controlled observations

A

Pro: easy to replicate, quick to analyse and conduct

COn: hawthorne effect

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10
Q

Eval naturalistic observations

A

Pro: ecological validity, inform further research

Con: difficult on small scale and to replicate

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11
Q

Eval of participant observations

A

Pro: ecological validity, inform further research

con: challenges w recording of data, loss of objecivity and researcher bias

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12
Q

Examples of controlled observations

A

Ainsworth and bandura

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13
Q

Examples of naturalistic observations

A

Croft (Killer whale menopause)

Levine (group violence)

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14
Q

Examples of participant observations

A

Festinger- cults and cognitive dissonance

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15
Q

THree ways to record data

A

Event sampling, time sampling and instantaneous sampling

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16
Q

Main features of case studies

A

Idiographic approach, many techniques

17
Q

Eval of case studies

A

Pro: rich info
COn: unable to establish cause and effect because of causal inference

18
Q

Types of surveys

A

In-person, telephone, mail out, web-based

19
Q

Eval of interviews

A

Pro: representative,

Con: misleading info

20
Q

Eval of experiments

A

Pro: can establish causal inference, control variables

con: validity and reliabiltiy

21
Q

Researhc methods use wich new technologies?

A

internet, apps, virtual reality, social media

22
Q

How does internet help psychology

A

digital therapy through linear program of sessions

23
Q

What is inhibition training using apps?

A

Perosnalised brain training leading to new associative relationships between cues adn response

24
Q

Types of Virtual reality

A

immersive, semi-immersive, non-immersive

25
How is VR applied in socila psych
increases participants engagement in researh
26
how is vr applied in clinical psych
assessment, therapy and training
27
What is purposive sampling?
A purposive sample is a non-probability sample that is selected based on characteristics of a population and the objective of the study. Purposive sampling is also known as judgmental, selective, or subjective sampling.
28
what is cluster sampling?
With cluster sampling, the researcher divides the population into separate groups, called clusters. Then, a simple random sample of clusters is selected from the population. The researcher conducts his analysis on data from the sampled clusters.
29
What is a latin square design?
a form of partial counterbalancing, so that each group of trials occur in each position an equal number of times