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Data Analytics > Data Analytics E - L > Flashcards

Data Analytics E - L Flashcards

1
Q

Economic Constraint

A

A limitation imposed by time or finances

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2
Q

Effective

A

A solution that performs as intended

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3
Q

Efficient

A

A solution that saves time, cost and effort

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4
Q

electronic validation

A

a databases ability to detect limited types of errors in data that have been keyed, such as incorrect numbers entered for a postcode or certain boxes being empty, and then notify the data-entry operator of the error

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5
Q

Encryption

A

Encoding or changing data so if the data was read by an unauthorized user they would not be able to understand the data

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6
Q

Entity

A

A single person / place / or thing about which data can be stored

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7
Q

Ethernet protocol

A

A set of rules about how data is communicated in wired networks

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8
Q

Ethics

A

The principles of right and wrong, which are accepted byu an individual or a social group; ethical behaviour often guides policy-maklers within organisations

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9
Q

Evaluation

A

Assessing whether a solution achieves the goals for which it was originally designed; not the same as testing!

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10
Q

Evaluation Crtieria

A

Rules set out during design that include effectiveness and efficiency criteria; based on the SOLUTION REQUIREMNTS that were defined during analysis

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11
Q

Event-based threat

A

A threat to data or an information system that is a result of a natural event; this can include fires, floods, storms, etc.

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12
Q

Existence check

A

A validation that ensures a field has data entered into it

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13
Q

Fair Test

A

Changing only one factor at a time in a test, and keeping all the other conditions the same

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14
Q

Fibre-Optic Cabling

A

A wired transmission media containing shards of glass that reflect pulses of light generated by small lasers or LED’s

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15
Q

Field

A

An item of data in a database; the same field for a series of records will contain the same data type

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16
Q

Filter

A

A process that only displays records that meet the set criteria

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17
Q

Firewall

A

Software that monitors all incoming and outgoing internet traffic to and from a LAN; a firewall examines the contents of each data packet and determines if the data packet should be allowed access to the LAN

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18
Q

1st Normal Form (1NF)

A

A table with no repeating groups. No single row has a column containing more than one value or more than one column with the same kind of value.

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19
Q

Flat File Database

A

A database that stores data in tables consisting of rows and columns; also called a single table database

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20
Q

Flow Visualisation

A

representing data that illustrates the flow pattern of an object or item

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21
Q

Foreign Key

A

A common linking field; a key in a database defined in a second that that refers to a primary key in the first

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22
Q

form

A

A window with input fields into which a user enters and submits data for processing. Forms replace paper based forms, and have features like checkboxes, radio buttons, text fields, mandatory fields, sign up forms, online purchases, etc.

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23
Q

format

A

How something is displayed (using a table or chart, etc); arranging the look / presentation of an object

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24
Q

frequency distribution table

A

A table that summarizes values and frequency in two columns

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25
Q

Full backup

A

Backing up all of an organisations data and information at on time

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26
Q

Functional Requirement

A

Directly related to what the solution will do

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27
Q

Fuzzy Logic

A

Lying between True and False

28
Q

Gantt Chart

A

A chart that tracks the progress of a project by placing tasks on a timeline, often with comments or annotations

29
Q

Geographic information

A

An infographic using location to place data information; similar to a geospatial infographic, it visualises data onto countries rather than physical geography

30
Q

Geographic Information System

A

A File Format that contains geographical data

31
Q

Geospatial visualisations

A

Where information is coded onto a map to illustrate the data (also known as a map based visualisation)

32
Q

graph

A

A visual representation of data showing the relationships between several elements

33
Q

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

A

A magnetic platter with a read/write mechanism

34
Q

Hardware loss

A

When a device or hardware components is lost by accident

35
Q

Hardware OR software malfunction

A

If the hardware or software stops working as intended

36
Q

Hardware security controls

A

Hardware-Based measures that are used to protect data and information

37
Q

Hierarchical Infographic

A

Stacking items or subjects based on levels of importance, difficulty, income and so on.

38
Q

Hierarchy visualisation

A

Shows the relationships and structure between data items (a single hierarchial chart)

39
Q

histogram

A

A chart / visual tool using bars to show distribution within a range

40
Q

Image data

A

Any stored images used to generate information

41
Q

Incremental backup

A

Creating a fullbackup from time to time(i.e. weekly) and performing a partial backup inbetween full backups

42
Q

Infographic

A

visual representation of data, usually combining several charting and text tools

43
Q

Information

A

Useful knowledge created by manipulating data

44
Q

Information need

A

When particular information is required, yet is not being currently supplied; causes of an information need may include a current problem, an identified need or an opportunity

45
Q

Information system (The 5 components of one)

A

Software, Hardware, People, Processes and Data

46
Q

Informational Infographic

A

A list based visual that is composed mostly of text

47
Q

Input

A

The process of entering data into a system

48
Q

Input Hardware

A

Equipment that allows data to be entered into a computer system, such as a keyboard, mouse or joystick

49
Q

Input mask

A

A control applied to how data is entered that can be set to accept a specified number of digits, dates or characters in a commonly accepted format (DD-MM-YYYY for date is an input mask)

50
Q

Input Process Output

A

An IPO diagram used to identify inputs and the processing steps required to transform the inputs into the outputs

51
Q

Integer

A

A number without a fractional or decimal component

52
Q

Intellectual Property (IP)

A

The ideas and works created by an individual or organisation

53
Q

Intended user

A

Target Audience; that is, people expected to use the product

54
Q

Interactive visualisation

A

Allows the user to change settings and control the presentation

55
Q

Internet of Things (IoT)

A

A network formed by ‘smart devices’ such as mobile phones, wearable devices, headphones, and other devices that have an ‘on-off’ switch to the internet or to other IoT devices.

56
Q

Interview

A

A Data acquisition technique that allows in-depth responces; direct questioning of a person.

57
Q

Interviewer Bias

A

The interviewers preconcieved expectations of the results; the interview questions and answers confirm that bias

58
Q

Jargon

A

A shorthand way of communicating between members of a particular cohort

59
Q

Layout Diagram

A

A hand drawn sketch that shows the elements to be included on an input form; the diagram would indicate the placement of fields and labels, the fonts to be used and any graphics or other elements to be included

60
Q

Legal Constraint

A

Limitations and restrictions imposed on a solution by laws and regulations

61
Q

Likert Scale

A

A method of encoding qualitative data, usually on a numbered scale

62
Q

Line graph

A

Visualisation tool that connects points to show continuous changes over time

63
Q

Line of best fit

A

A straight line that represents the trend in a scatter plot

64
Q

List infographic

A

An infographic that breaks up large lists of text with bullet points, text and graphics to depict relationships between the data

65
Q

Local Area Network (LAN)

A

Two or more devices are connected in the same geographical area

Data Analytics (4 decks)

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