Data analysis

Question 1

What is inductive research?

Answer 1

Inductive research uses specific observations and patterns to create new theories
- bottom up approach
- qualitative

Observation –> Pattern –> Hypothesis –> Theory

Question 2

What is deductive research?

Answer 2

Deductive research starts with a theory or hypothesis and test it through observations
- top down approach

Theory –> Hypothesis –> Observation –> Confirmation

Question 3

What is Thematic Analysis?

Answer 3

A type of qualitative data analysis

• Unique among qualitative analytic methods
• Flexible
• Novice researchers

Stages:
1. Transcription/ field notes etc
2. Reading and familiarisation (taking notes)
3. Coding (whole dataset)
4. Searching for themes
5. Reviewing themes (potential themes and subthemes)
6. Defining and naming themes
7. Writing up

Question 4

What is Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis?

Answer 4

IPA

• New qualitative analytic method
• Influenced by phenomenology, hermenutics and idiography
• Exploring people’s lived experiences and meaning attached to those experiences
• Interpretation
• In-depth
• Time consuming
• Experienced researcher

Stages:
1. Transcription
2. Reading and familiarisation
3. Initial coding/ noting - focusing first on one interview
4. Developing emergent themes (one interview)
5. Developing super-ordinate themes (one interview)
6. Stage 3-5 repeated with other interviews
7. Identifying themes and subordinate themes across dataset
8. Writing up

Question 5

What are 8 quality check in qualitative research?

Answer 5

Worthy topic
- Relevant, timely, significant, interesting

Rich rigour
- Theoretical constructs sample, context, data collection (time) and analysis processes

Sincerity
- Self-reflexivity, transparency re-methods and challenges

Credibility
- Thick description, concrete detail, triangulation, multi-vocality, member reflections

Resonance
- Evocative representation, naturalistic generalisations, transferable findings

Significant contribution
- Theory, significance for further research and policy (transferability)

Ethical
- Procedural, situational/ cultural, relationships, leaving and sharing

Meaningful coherence
- Achieves what it is about method/ procedure fits goals, interconnects literature, interpretation