Data Acqusition and processing

Question 1

When applying a conventional spin echo pulse sequence, how many lines of k-space are filled per TR period?

Answer 1

1

Question 2

During conventional spin echo imaging, only one line of k-space gets filled ruing each :

Answer 2

TR

Question 3

Due to their relatively slow k-space filling, conventional spin echo pulse sequences are usually only used when acquiring

Answer 3

T1 weighted imaging

Question 4

When applying a fast spine echo pules sequence, the number of lines in k-space that are filled per TR period are dependent on the

Answer 4

ETL Selected

During FSE sequence with ETL of 8, 8 lines of k-space are filled per acquisition.

Question 5

Increasing the ETL during FSE sequences causes acqusition time to go up or down?

Answer 5

It goes down

Question 6

What FSE pulse sequence uses a partial fourier technique to fill all lines of k-space during a single TR period

Answer 6

Single shot fast spin echo (SS-FSE)

Question 7

The use of Single shot fast spin echo instead of FSE or CSE pulse sequence causes :

Answer 7

Increased tissue heating

Question 8

The abbreviation “DRIVE” stands for

Answer 8

Driven equilibrium fourier transform

Question 9

What FSE pulse sequence uses a reverse flip angle excitation pulse after the applied echo train in order to push the transverse magnetization into the longitudinal plane so that T1 relaxation can occur at a quicker rate?

Answer 9

Driven Equilibrium fourier transform

Question 10

What pulse sequence represents a DRIVE sequence

Answer 10

90-180-180-90

Question 11

DRIVE sequences yield _______ fluid signal compared to standard FSE pulse sequences

Answer 11

Hyperintense

Question 12

At 1.5T which inversion time (TI) would produce the best STIR image?

Answer 12

150ms

Ranges of 100-175

Question 13

At 1.5T which inversion time (TI) would produce the best FLAIR image?

Answer 13

2000ms

Ranges of 1700-2200ms

Question 14

Gradient echo pulse sequences use what gradient to rephase the FID?

Answer 14

The frequency encoding gradient

Question 15

What type of pulse sequence would best demonstrate subtle hemorrhage in the brain

Answer 15

Gradient echo pulse sequences

Question 16

T1 weighted conventional gradient echo pulse sequence generally require the use of a _________ flip angle

Answer 16

Large

Question 17

T2 weighted conventional gradient echo pulse sequence generally require the use of a _________ flip angle

Answer 17

Small

Question 18

PD weighted conventional gradient echo pulse sequence generally require the use of a _________ flip angle

Answer 18

Small

Question 19

What sub group of GE pulse sequences uses two excitation pulses in order to create a stimulated echo?

Answer 19

Steady state pulse sequences

Question 20

What type of pulse sequence maintains partial longitudinal and transverse magnetization at all times?

Answer 20

Steady state pulse sequences

Question 21

During steady state pulse sequnces the NMV is never allowed to return to the _______ axis

Answer 21

Longitudinal

Question 22

What term is used to describe the partial longitudinal and transverse magnetization that is maintained during steady state pulse sequences?

Answer 22

Residual transverse magnetization

Question 23

During a steady state pulse sequence, if two excitation pulses with variable degree flip angle are applied, a ___________ echo is created

Answer 23

Stimulated

Question 24

If a steady state pulse sequence uses two 90 degree excitation pulses, the echo that is created is called a

Answer 24

Hann Echo

Question 25

Steady state pulse sequences typically used flip angles within the range of

Answer 25

30-45 degrees

Question 26

What type of steady state pulse sequence only samples the gradient echo? (FID)

Answer 26

Incoherent gradient echo

Question 27

The flip angles applied during incoherent gradient echo pulse sequences fall within a range of

Answer 27

30-45 degrees

Question 28

Coherent GE pulse sequences apply what type of gradients in order to allow both the gradient echo (FID) and stimulated echo to contribute to image contrast

Answer 28

Rewinder gradients

Question 29

Coherent gradient echo sequences are typically used to obtain what weighted images?

Answer 29

T2*

Question 30

The flip angles applied during coherent gradient echo pulse sequences fall within a range of

Answer 30

30-45 degrees

Question 31

What type of steady state pulse sequence only samples the stimulated echo?

Answer 31

Steady state free precession (SSFP)

Question 32

Steady state free precession pulse sequences apply what type of gradients in order to rephase the stimulated echo so that it may contribute to image contrast

Answer 32

Rewinder gradients

Question 33

The flip angles applied during steady state free precession pulse sequences fall within a range of

Answer 33

30-45 degrees

Question 34

During echo planar sequences, k space is filled

Answer 34

Line by line in a stair-stepped fashion

Question 35

The fastest form of data acquisition is achieved by which pulse sequence?

Answer 35

Echo planar pulse sequences