Dash1 Flashcards
T-1 dimensions
48 feet 5 in long
43 feet 6 in wingspan
13 feet 11 in tall
Zero fuel weight
11,000 pounds
At sea level and up to 27 deg C, the engine generates how much thrust?
2900 pounds of takeoff rated thrust
How much oil does each engine tank have?
2.03 gallons
L or R Oil press lo linger indicates?
System oil pressure is below 40 psi
Where does the EFC receive inputs from?
Throttle angle
Ambient air temp
Ambient air pressure
Differential between temp/press
If EFCs fail, how much thrust loss can be expected?
Could be up to 40%
At 35-40% N2 what happens to the starter/gen?
It’s control power is removed and it starts operating as generator
How close do the engines need to be to each other before activating engine sync?
1.5%
What is fire detection provided by?
Semiconductor, coaxial cable sensor element that forms a closed loop around all vital engine components
What is the fire extinguishing agent called?
Halon
What is the fuel systems operating limits?
Sea level to 41,000 feet
-40 to 50 deg C
How many primary fuel tanks are there?
6 Aft fuselage Aft cabin Left/right mid tanks Wing tanks
How much fuel can be filled via pressure/gravity fueling?
P - 771 gallons
G - 739 gallons
What do sniffle valves do?
Allow fuel/air to be vented
Opens at internal pressure of 0.1 to 0.3 psi to bring air in
If internal pressure is 5 psi or higher valve opens to dump
What do float check valves do?
Restrict fuel from exiting tanks while allowing air to enter/exit as needed to balance pressure
What do flapper valves do?
Hinged devices that allow fuel to flow in only one direction
What happens when the Eng Fire Push switch light is pushed?
Shutoff fuel/hydraulics
Shutoff generator
Arm fire bottles
What does pushing trim int & A/P diseng do?
Disconnects A/P, sounds tone, silences runaway sound as well
Why would you hear the gear horn on takeoff?
Throttles at T/O power and trim is not in T/O position
Type of engine in T-1
Pratt and Whitney JT15D-5B
Moving the throttles affects which portion of the engine?
Turbine gas jet engine: N2
What makes the high pressure compressor centrifugal?
Air enters engine parallel to engine, then spun outward, making 90 deg change in direction = slows and compresses
How many fuel nozzles and igniters per engine?
12 nozzles
2 igniters
What does the compressor surge bleed valve do?
Opens and closes as a result of the EFC to ensure proper air flow to combustion chamber
How does air flow thru the engine?
Fan, axial compressor, high pressure compressor, combustion chamber, high pressure turbine, low pressure turbine, low pressure compressor
What does GND COMM PUSH indicate?
The battery is supplying power to UHF, VHF, and intercom
What does ELT ON indicate? How do u reset it?
ELT is transmitting/ move to ON then ARMED/RESET
Holding trim down for more than how many seconds will cause horn to sound?
5 seconds
With the ignition in STBY, will the igniters activate when L/R Engine Anti-Ice is selected?
Yes
What is the HMU?
Engine driven hydromechanical metering unit
gives engines rough estimate of how much fuel goes to engine (based on throttle position)
What is the EFC
Electronic fuel control
Assists HMU by refining fuel amount
During engine start, the HMU is responsible for fuel flow up to
38% N2
A L/R ENG EFC OFF can reduce thrust by
40%
What is the purpose of the flow divider valve in the fuel system?
Divides fuel into primar/secondary flow for precise control
How many main annunciators on the panel?
52 total
12 red
40 yellow
When will the AOA indexer illuminate?
When gear are down
What do stall annunciators indicate?
AOA system senses a stall condition
Where is Cabin Smoke annunciators located?
Co-pilot side shroud panel
What does Red Pull Up mean?
GPWS senses unsafe situation
What does GPWS Test indicate when illuminated?
Power is being applied to the GPWS system
What does below GLS indicate?
1.3 dots below glideslope
What does EFC AUX PWR ON indicate?
One of the EFCs is receiving power from standby battery
What does NOSE DN or NOSE UP indicate?
Warn with T/O TRIM SET to indicate position of trim
Only works with weight on wheels
What does AC BUS SHED indicate?
26 and 115 VAC shed busses are disconnected
What does EMER LT NO ARM indicate?
Emergency light control switch (red guard) not in ARM position
What does PASS OXY ON mean?
Passenger oxygen system charged
Normally not charged during flight
What does FUEL XFEED ON indicate?
Crossfeed selected
One wing fueling both engines
What does LDG LT EXT indicate?
Lights extended with gear up
Actuator not fully retracted
What does WG ICE TEMP LO indicate?
Temp in wing anti-ice ducts is below 140 deg F
What does ICE DET FAIL indicate?
Failure of ice detector probe or loss of power
What does icing light indicate?
Ice detector probe senses approx .020 in ice
When in STBY, when will the igniters activate?
Start button depressed
AOA detects approach to stall
Engine anti-ice on
When using engine sync, N1/N2 need to be within what limit? Which engine is master?
+-1.5%
Left engine
Not available with EFC off
Which fire bottle goes to which engine?
Whichever engine Fire switch was pushed last
What is on the accessory gearbox?
Starter generator Hydraulic pump Oil pump HMU Fuel pump N2 speed sensors
What is the safety shutoff valve?
If the high pressure compressor fails, a safety shutoff valve immediately cuts fuel flow. Engine doesn’t restart
Under normal ops, when will transfer pumps go out?
Mid tanks empty
Less than 5.0 +- 0.5 psi
How many fuel probes are in each wing?
4
How many fuel probes in fuselage tanks?
4
What pumps are in the fuel feed chamber?
Forward transfer jet pump
Aft transfer jet pump
Electric boost pump
Primary jet pump
What are the purposes of the boost pump?
Engine start
Crossfeed
Backup for primary jet pump
Motive flow for transfer jet pumps
Why does the jet pump on the opposite engine go out during crossfeed?
So motive flow stops pulling fuel from that wing
When does boost pump automatically come on?
Engine start selected
Crossfeed selected
Pressure in engine fuel feed line < 5 psi
Fuel feed chamber below 11 gallons
Which fuel feed chamber transfer pumps get motive flow from the engine vs boost pump?
Forward - boost
Aft - primary jet pump
If engine does not start with igniters in STBY, can you attempt start in the ON position?
No
What are positions of ignition switch?
Standby
Off
On
When does L O FLTR BYPASS illuminate? Along with L OIL PRESS LO?
Filter - when clogged
Pressure - below 40 psi
Describe how oil flows through the T-1
Tank - Engine pump- cooler - filter - bearings/gearbox - scavenger pumps
What cools oil?
Fuel
Once discharged, will BOT ARMED PUSH LIGHT go out or remain illuminated?
Go out
What is operating fuel temp limit?
-40 to 50 deg C
What does the LDG GR WRN CUT light indicate?
Landing gear horn silenced
What does ENG FIRE PUSH switchlight indicate?
Fire or overheat
How many ITT sensors are there?
6
Connected in parallel to get avg temp
Bypass ratio of the T-1 engine?
2:1
66% bypass - thrust/cooling
33% compressor
If standby battery is not armed during preflight, will it still power the standby bus if an electrical failure happens?
No
What does pushing the BATT FEED TEST do?
Simulates fault in emergency bus feeder line, opens all 3 relays
Standby battery powers standby bus
During the battery feed test, with the battery switch in Emergency, which AC annunciators should illuminate?
INV 1 FAIL
AC BUS SHED
What is on the primary 26 VAC shed bus?
Flap position
L/R oil px
If right load bus loses power, how can the #2 inverter be powered?
Thru emergency bus
Single generator amp limits
Ground - 280 amps
Air - 2 op (280)/ 1 op (400) up to 32,500
Above 32,500 - 280
What is on the standby bus?
Co-pilot inst lights RTU # 1 UHF ITT (L) Standby Alt vibrator Standby attitude EFC
What is emergency bus normally powered by?
Emergency bus feed line
Connected to battery
What does battery feeder protection unit do?
Provides fault protection for battery
Opens relays isolate malfunctioning system
What type of battery is used in the T-1?
24 volt DC
40 amp hour
Lead acid
What is the purpose of the GCU?
Equalize load/ prevent reverse current flow
One per engine
How does power flow from main bus to load bus?
Feeder lines (3 total/2 active)
One CB stays in stby
Prevent high current
What is purpose of the start bus?
Power source for starting engines
What is required N2% for generator to reach full capacity?
58% N2
What does moving the master generators to EMER do?
Isolates generator and battery from system/ only standby is active
If the emergency bus feeder line fails, what happens?
Emergency bus power relay opens
Emergency bus-tie relay closes
What is the standby bus normally powered
LH load bus
What are the sources of DC power?
Battery
Starter/generator
External power
What is connected to the RH load bus?
No 2 inverter
RH overhead bus
RH nonessential bus
RH radio bus
What is connected to the LH load bus?
No 1 inverter LH radio bus LH nonessential bus LH overhead bus Standby bus
Power from the non-essential buses go to
Wx radar
VCCS
The power from the radio buses go to?
Nav/comm equipment
What are the two load buses connected by?
Load bus tie
When the battery switch is moved to EMER, what happens?
Battery only powers Emergency bus
Battery relay/tie in are de-energized but emergency bus power relay is energized
When the battery switch is ON, which relays are energized?
Battery relay
Battery tie-in relay
Emergency bus power relay
What is the purpose of the LH/RH main buses?
Distribute power from respective generators
Tied to battery charge bus in case one gen fails
What does the battery bus do?
Provides DC power distribution for battery or GPU
What is on Emergency bus?
Selected LH instruments LDG gear position Engine ignition (L) Emer pitch trim VHF Nav1 Engine Fire detection Standby bus
What is purpose of battery charge bus?
Central connection for all DC power
Allows one generator to power whole system
What is the purpose of the battery tie in relay?
Allows battery to charge from generators
When will you get an AC bus shed?
Emergency bus is powering #2 inverter
What does putting the generator reset switches into: off, norm, and reset do?
Off - isolates generator from system
Norm - GCU controls generator operation
Reset - resets generator and GCU
During gear retraction, when will the fuselage doors close?
Once all gear are up and locked
What are the flap G limits
Flaps up: -1.0 to 3.2
Flaps ext: 0 to 2.0
What speed on taxi does anti-skid become active?
14 knots
What is max speed for emergency gear extension?
150 KIAS
What type of braking is available?
Power
Manual
Anti-skid
Emergency
What is the pressure of the brake accumulator?
900 +- 50
What does the rudder servo do?
Yaw damper
Rudder boost
Autopilot
What is max landing gear operating altitude?
20,000 feet
How does EMER Door Close work?
Sends nitrogen to being fuselage doors up: takes 3 sec
When will the landing gear horn sound?
All gear not down/locked:
Flaps 0-10, one/both throttles <70% N2
Flaps extended beyond 10 - cannot be silenced
What does downlock release let you do?
Move gear handle if stuck down due to weight on wheels issue
The fuselage doors will only close under normal conditions if
All three wheels are down and locked
How long is normal gear extension?
7 secs
What does the Emerg L/G Down handle do?
Releases mechanical up locks for fuselage doors and all gear
Takes 30 secs
All gear lights will illuminate
What does a red unlocked light mean on the landing gear indicator?
Main fuselage doors not closed and locked
What bleed air psi goes into the hydraulic reservoir?
15 psi
When will HYD LEVEL LO illuminate?
.6 gallons
What is the flow rate and psi of the hydraulic pumps
0 gpm at 1500 psi
3.9 gpm at 1400 psi
When will L/R H PMP PRESS LO illuminate?
750 psi
What is the capacity of the hydraulic system?
1.2 gallons
What will illuminate when the hydraulic filter becomes clogged?
Nothing
At what psi will the hydraulic pressure release valve open?
1650 psi
At what hydraulic psi does the pilot have to open the bypass valve?
1850 psi
What do the mixing valves do?
Allow braking from either pilot/copilot side
In a full turn, what are the degree limits of the spoiler
-14 deg away from turn
68 deg up inner
72 deg up outer
What causes a flap asym?
7 deg difference
Right flap affects flap gauge
When annunciators illuminates, power is removed from flap lever
What deflection will speed brakes go up to?
36 deg
How long does it take for speed brakes to be extended?
2.6 sec in flight
.6 sec on the ground
How long does it take for horiz stab trim to move from nose up to nose down?
14 sec
45 for emergency
What is max rudder deflection?
30 deg
What are the deflection limits on the elevator?
25 deg up
12 deg down
Is there a warning horn for rudder trim?
No
What will cause speed brakes to retract?
Throttles moved to Norm TO
Flaps extended beyond 10 deg
What restrictions are in place with flaps?
20,000 feet
200 knots to extend to 10
170 to extend 10-30
165 flaps 30
Do the aft flaps have asym detection?
No. Can only be detected thru I commanded roll/yaw
What types of flaps are on the T-1?
Double slotted fowlers
What are the secondary flight controls?
Flaps
Speed brake
Trim
What does the rudder boost use to determine asymmetric thrust?
Bleed air differential
What are the primary flight controls?
Rudder
Elevator
Spoilers
At what energy will brakes fail?
14.8 million foot/lbs
What are some of the limitations of setting the parking brake?
Do not set with hot brakes
Do not set when cold w/ visible moisture
Do not set with copilot brakes
At what temp will thermal(fuse) plugs blow?
430 deg F
At how many foot/lbs will fuse plugs blow?
4.05 million foot/lbs per brake
Do not use autopilot below
200 feet AGL
What does the GND MAP button do?
Helps determine ground features such as water, cities
What is the max commanded roll by the heading bug?
27 deg
What does 1/2 bank do?
Limits bank to 1/2 normal
Approx 15 deg
What is min/max range of radar?
5-300 NM
What is the tilt range of the radar?
+- 14 deg
Controlled by tilt knob
1/4 deg increments
What does Auto on radar tilt do?
Adjusts for aircraft altitude
What is attenuation?
Decrease in radar strength
Occurs due to precipitation/distance
How to calculate cloud tops?
(Diff of tilt *100) * dist = height
What is a PAC alert?
Yellow bar on MFD with Wx overlay indicating system is detecting attenuation
What can you do to suppress ground return?
Use GND CLTR SPRS
What’s a good radar tilt for departure?
+5 - +7
Calculation for radar tilt value on descent?
Alt / (range * 0.7) = tilt from 0
Start malfunction prior to moving throttle from CUTOFF to IDLE?
Push to Diseng
Start malfunction after moving throttle to IDLE after 8% N2 call
Throttle - cutoff
Ignition - off
15 second fuel purge
Push to disengage
Starter malfunction: starter does not disengage by 45% N2, EFC was just called
Push to Diseng (no extinguish)
Throttle - cutoff
Battery - off
Master Gen - Emergency
For engine start, at what temp is external power required?
5 deg F
-15 deg C
Min voltage for battery start?
22 volts
Min voltage for GPU start?
28 volts
When should final flap setting be selected?
By 250 AGL
With the left stall warning computer failed, what stall indications are available?
Both stall lights
Both stick shakers
Does the MFD range affect TCAS range?
No
Displays from 12 to as low as 4.5 NM
What are TCAS’ display limits in ABV/BLO, and only ABV?
+-9900
+9900/-2700
What does open blue diamond on TCAS indicate?
General traffic
What does a solid blue diamond indicate on TCAS?
Close traffic
What does a solid yellow circle indicate on TCAS?
Potential conflict
“TRAFFIC(x3)”
What does a solid red box on TCAS indicate?
Traffic conflict
Accompanied by RA
On map mode, what needs to be selected to see the traffic overlay/TCAS?
TFC ON
Will you get an RA with a mode C transponder?
Yes
Not coordinated
When will you get an RA/TA?
RA - 15-35 sec prior
TA - 20-45 sec prior
During an RA, where should you put VSI needle?
In the green arc by about 250 feet/min
With no power, standby indicator will remain on with how many degrees for how long?
+-6 degrees
9 minutes
What is a rough guide to correct the standby altimeter by due to position error?
By flight level
FL 300 = 30,300 feet
A standard rate turn is
360 deg turn
30 deg bank
2 minutes
On the mag compass, which way should you turn to get your desired heading?
Away
What will cause the ELT to go off?
5 g’s
ELT switch - on
What is AOA for an on speed approach?
0.6
What is on speed Vco AOA?
0.7
What is best endurance AOA?
0.45
Also L/D Max
What is max range AOA?
0.18
What is surveillance area of TCAS, and how many aircraft can it track?
4.5-14 NM
30 aircraft
What is approach to stall AOA
0.75
The difference between displayed and actual bearing of an aircraft on TCAS can be up to?
+-10 degrees
By when should you comply with an RA, and increase/decrease/reversal?
5 secs
2.5 secs
When does cabin pressure hi illuminate?
11 +-1 PSI
When operating normally, pressure differential should not exceed
9.1 psi
With BLO 1 selected, which blower is active?
Aft blower unit
With throttles advanced to Norm TO, on takeoff, cabin is pressurized to a __ to __ differential
80
120
During the H Stab Anti-Ice test, how long do u hold button?
3 secs
What’s the difference between windshield heat HIGH/LOW?
High - just lower portion
Low - broad
When does ICING illuminate?
.020 inches
50-70 sec cycle to melt
What does BL Air Duct Fail illuminate?
Greater than 3.5+-0.5 psi or 350 deg F in wing anti-ice duct
Why might blowers stay on when OFF is selected, right after hearing was selected?
To cool heating elements down to 100 deg F
When will the oxygen dump overboard?
2700 psi
A temp drop of ___ deg results in an oxygen psi drop of ___%?
100 deg F
20%
If either horiz stab anti-ice/de ice fail, what must you do?
Turn both off, activate STB Deice backup
What temp comes out ACU?
39 deg F
What triggers a Cabin Air OV HT?
390 +-15
What does the bleed air selector do?
Selects the source of bleed air for environmental system
When does Wing OV HT illuminate?
212 deg F
350 deg F
What’s the difference between Sys1 and Sys2?
Nothing. Just different valves
When does ENG ICE TEMP LO(L/R) illuminate?
120 deg F
1/2 inch of ice could add how many lbs to aircraft?
500 lbs
What does the temp controller do?
What does the mode switch do?
Selects how much hot air gets mixed with conditioned air from ACU
Mode switch senses temp
When does Cabin Pressure Lo illuminate?
9,500+-500
What does the cabin dump handle do?
Opens right outflow valve
Allows cabin px to equal outside px
When above 18,000 feet, what needs to be turned on?
Windshield heat
What is the wiper limitation?
200 KIAS
What does AV BLO FAIL indicate?
Loss of cooling to avionics rack
Does Aux Cool power any blowers?
Yes
1 and 2
When does Wing Ice Temp LO illuminate?
Below 140 deg F
What happens when selecting EMER on bleed air select?
Hot unconditioned air is forced into cabin
Will get Air Cond Fail
If cabin altitude exceeds 12,500+-500 and red PASS OXYGEN is not pulled, will masks drop?
Yes
If red PASS OXYGEN knob is pulled by accident, what should you do?
Push knob in before pulling SYS READY
How do you use H STB DEICE switch?
Hold momentarily
30 sec of power is provided/repeat every 2 min
What is the horiz stab anti-ice?
Heat mats on leading edge of 260-280 and elevator horn
What is horiz stab de-ice?
Also consists of mats, elevator horn, and gap
When powered, 12 zones activated
10 zones - 16 secs
2 zones - 30 secs
When does STB DEICE FAIL illuminate?
Malfunction in sequence timer, heater mat, or current sensor
When does STB ANTI ICE FAIL illuminate?
If the horiz stab temp reached 310 deg F or current sensors fail
What happens if temp leaving ACU compressor is <400 deg C or <53 psi?
Closes pressure regulator shutoff valves
Cuts off bleed air to ACU
AIR COND FAIL
Moving the manual pressurization knob to full decrease could result in cabin altitude to depressurize to a max of
12,500+-1,500
Describe difference between Auto FLDK, Auto Duct, and Man Duct
Senses in flight deck/supply ducts
Senses in air ducts
Pilot opens/closes control valve
At what temp will heaters’ overheat protection activate?
420+-30
When does windshield overheat illuminate?
130 deg F
When the VCS is on, where does refrigerant go to?
BLO 1,2
Avionics rack
What triggers BL AIR DCT FAIL?
350 deg F
3.5 psi or less in Wing Anti-Ice
The cabin rate of climb is adjustable between
50-2000 fpm
What is temp and psi from bleed air?
600 deg F
150 psi
30 psi once thru regulator
Where is heater 1?
Heater 2?
Side window, Defoe, flight deck
Glareshield
VCCS will auto shed when?
Engine start button pressed
Windshield heat on
Horiz stab anti/de-ice
Outside air temp < 20 deg F
If icing conditions are encountered, use no greater than 10 deg flaps unless which conditions are encountered?
Icing less than 19 minutes and RAT is warmer then -8 deg C
RAT greater than 10 deg C is observed during descent, approach, or landing
