Dairy Industry Flashcards
Country with highest number of milk cows
India!
59.5 million head as of 2022; and most milk
EU has second most cows - 20.2 mil; but US produces second most milk
Trends in diary in US
Number of herds decreasing
Size of herds increasing
Increased production per cow
Increased production per year
Production of milk by state
CA - highest
CA > WI > ID > TX > NY
VCPR
CVI - certificate of veterinary inspection
Prescribing medications
VFD - veterinary feed directive
Certification program compliance (USDA organic, FARM, food armor)
Freestall housing
Pros:
Provides choice
Individual bunks
Opportunity to exercise/socialize
Freedom of movement
Cons:
Always on hard surfaces > lameness
Slips/falls
Easy to overcrowd
Tie-stall
Pros:
Individual space
Don’t have feed competition (fast catch of DA)
Very little social upset
Cons:
Not always let out (on pasture)
Can’t choose who to spend time with
Can’t curl up
Less exercise/choice
Extensive/pasture
Pros:
Excellent foot health
Ventilation > dec pneumonia
Grazing
Freedom
Cons:
Planning rotation
Large space
Environmental dependent (weather, temperature, parasites)
Feed supplement in off season
Parallel parlor
Need to make a sharp turn to exit
Tandem parlor
Don’t have to turn
Less space efficient
Herringbone parlor
Very space efficient
Filter in more naturally
Goat milk
Often referred to as “naturally homogenized”
In reality, higher percentage of small-diameter fat globules
Buffalo milk
Used for making mozzarella
Holstein
HIghest volume
Jersey
High volume
Lower volume than Holstein but higher fat
Recommended feed for calves
10-12% of birth weight per day —> increase to 10-12% current BW/day depending on feeding program
