D1 Medicines: physiochemical properties 1

Question 1

Define a solution

Answer 1

mixture of two or more components that form a homogenous molecular dispersion

Question 2

Define a single phase system

Answer 2

not another phase dispersed in another

Question 3

Define a solvent

Answer 3

the component present in greater amount (usually liquid)

Question 4

define a solute

Answer 4

the component present in smaller amount (solid or liquid)

Question 5

Define a saturated solution

Answer 5

where the solute is at the limit of its solubility at a given temp and pressure

Question 6

How can a suspension become a solution and vice versa?

Answer 6

suspension to solution - heat up

solution to suspension - add more solute to solution

Question 7

What categories does liquid-liquid?

Answer 7

1) completely miscible

2) partially miscible

Question 8

What affects partial miscibility?

Answer 8

temperature

Question 9

What types of solid in liquid solutions do you get?

Answer 9

1) non electrolytes (non ionic e.g. sucrose, phenol)
2) electrolytes (form ions in solution)
- strong electrolytes (fully ionise over wide pH range, e.g. NaCl
- weak electrolytes (ionisation dependent of pH)

Question 10

What can cause an effect on solubility?

Answer 10

small change in molecular structure

Question 11

Why do solubility changes happen?

Answer 11

1) solute-solute interactions change

2) solute - solvent interactions change

Question 12

What are the 3 steps of dissolution of a solid solute?

Answer 12

1) solute molecule leaves particle
2) creation of a cavity in the solvent
3) solute molecule enters the cavity

Question 13

What is solvation?

Answer 13

is the process of binding of solvent to solute molecules

Question 14

What is the flickering cluster?

Answer 14

involves clusters of H-bonded water within pools of unbound water

Question 15

What is used in numerous antacids?

Answer 15

MgCO3