D.1 Flashcards
Outline the components and features of the digestive system
Mouth-Mechanical digestion and chemical digestion
Esophagus-Peristalsis action
Stomach-lumen, mucous coating
Small Intestine-villi, and microvilli which increase area for absorption of nutrients
Large Intestine-water balance, vitamin absorption
Pancreas-production of enzymes
Liver-production of bile
Gall bladder-storage bile
State the typical pH values found throughout the digestive system
Mouth: 5.5 to 7.5
Stomach: 1.0 to less than 4.0
Small Intestine: 6.0 to 8.0
Describe the function of enzymes in macronutrient digestion
They are a Catalyst, proteins and each reaction requires a specific enzyme.
List the enzymes that are responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins from mouth to small intestine.
Carbohydrates: Salivary amylase, pancreatic amylase
Fats: Pancreatic lipase, bile
Proteins: Pepsin, trypsin
Describe the absorption of glucose, amino acids and fatty acids from the intestinal lumen to the capillary network.
Glucose, fatty acids and amino acids cross the brush-border membrane, pass through the cytosol of the absorptive cell and the cross basolateral membrane before entering the capillary network or the lymphatic system.
