d-metals Flashcards
Production of titanium:
TiCl4(g) + 2 Mg(l) → Ti(s) + 2 MgCl2(s)
Production of vanadium:
V2O5(s) + 5 Ca(l) → 2 V(s) + 5 CaO(s)
Production of chromium:
FeCr2O4(s) + 4 C(s) →Fe(l) + 2 Cr(l) + 4 CO(g)
Cr2O3(s) + 2 Al(s) →Al2O3(s) + 2 Cr(l)
Transformation of chromate to dichromate:
2 CrO42–(aq) + 2 H+(aq) → Cr2O72–(aq) + H2O(l)
2 K2CrO4 + 2 HCl → K2Cr2O7 + H2O + 2 KCl
Dichromate anion as an oxidizing agent:
Cr2O72–(aq) + 14 H+(aq) + 6 e– → 2 Cr3+(aq) + 7 H2O(l)
Production of manganese:
3 MnO2(s) + 4 Al(s) →3 Mn(l) + 2 Al2O3(s)
Acidic properties of iron aqua complex:
[Fe(H2O)6]3+(aq) + H2O(aq) ⇌ H3O+(aq) +
[FeOH(H2O)5]2+(aq)
Production of nickel:
NiO(s) + H2(g) →Ni(s) + H2O(g)
Production of nickel tetra carbonyl:
Ni(s) + 4 CO(g) → Ni(CO)4(g)
Pyrometallurgic production of copper:
2 CuFeS2(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 CuS(s) + 2 FeO(s) + 2 SO2(g)
CuS(s) + O2 → Cu(l) + SO2(g)
Hydrometallurgical production of copper:
Cu2+(aq) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + 2 H+(aq)
CuSO4 + H2 → Cu + H2SO4
Formation of patina on the copper surface:
2 Cu(s) + H2O(l) + O2(g) + CO2(g) → Cu2(OH)2CO3(s)
Reaction of gold with aqua regia:
Au(s) + 6 H+(aq) + 3 NO3–(aq) + 4 Cl–(aq) → [AuCl4]–
(aq) + 3 NO2(g) + 3 H2O(l)
Au + 3 HNO3 + 4 HCl → H[AuCl4] + 3 NO2 + 3 H2O
Reaction of gold with sodium cyanide in the aerated water solution:
4 Au(s) + 8 NaCN(aq) + O2(aq) +2 H2O(l) → 4 NaAu(CN)2 + 4 NaOH(aq)
Production of zinc:
2 ZnS(s) + 3 O2(g) → 2 ZnO(s) + 2 SO2(g)
ZnO(s) + C(s) → Zn(l) + CO(g)
