D - Global Geophysical Hazard and Disaster Trends Flashcards
How did the frequency of geophysical disasters change between 1994 and 2013?
It remained broadly constant over that period.
Which factors have varied considerably from 1994 to 2013?
Population growth and economic development have varied significantly.
Which type of geophysical disaster has killed more people than all other natural disasters combined?
Earthquakes (including tsunamis) have killed more people than all other natural disasters combined.
How do earthquakes compare to floods in terms of frequency and impact?
Earthquakes are rarer than floods but can cause very high numbers of casualties in a short period.
Which natural disaster is considered the deadliest overall?
Tsunamis have been the deadliest natural disaster.
Which region has borne the brunt of natural disasters, particularly in Asia?
Asia, especially countries like Indonesia, Pakistan, and China.
How do low-income countries fare in terms of natural hazard impacts?
They bear a disproportionate burden, with much higher death rates compared to high-income countries.
How has urban growth in seismic zones changed in recent decades?
Urbanization has increased significantly, with slums and squatter settlements expanding into high-risk areas such as slopes and embankments.
What factors are increasing people’s susceptibility to natural disasters?
Population growth, globalization, and the expansion of urban areas into high-risk zones are key factors.
What is the expected global population by 2030 and 2050?
The world’s population is expected to reach 8.5 billion by 2030 and 9.7 billion by 2050.
Which nine countries are expected to account for half of the world’s population growth?
India, Nigeria, Pakistan, D.R. Congo, Ethiopia, Tanzania, the USA, Indonesia, and Uganda.
What challenges does concentrated population growth in the poorest countries present?
It poses challenges in eradicating poverty and inequality, combating hunger and malnutrition, expanding educational and health services, and providing adequate housing for sustainable development.
