A - Land-use Change and Flood Risk Flashcards

1
Q

What is the potential hydrological response to removal of trees and vegetation?

A

Decreased evapotranspiration and interception; increased stream sedimentation.

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2
Q

How does initial construction of houses and streets impact hydrology?

A

Decreased infiltration and lowered groundwater table; increased storm flows and decreased baseflows.

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3
Q

What is the effect of complete residential, commercial, and industrial development on hydrology?

A

Decreased porosity, increased peak discharges, and increased flood damage potential.

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4
Q

How do storm drains and channel improvements affect floodwaters?

A

Provide local flood relief but may aggravate downstream flooding.

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5
Q

Where does urbanization impact drainage basins most significantly?

A

In the lower part of a drainage basin.

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6
Q

How does deforestation compare to urbanization’s effect on hydrographs?

A

Both reduce interception, increase overland flow, and shorten lag time.

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7
Q

What impact does deforestation have on flood risk?

A

Increases flood risk with higher peaks and reduced recurrence intervals.

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8
Q

Why might deforestation be more widespread than urbanization?

A

Occurs for land-use changes like agriculture, industrial development, and tourism.

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9
Q

List three causes of deforestation.

A

Agriculture, industrial development, and urbanization.

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10
Q

What is channelization?

A

Creating new, often straight channels to speed water movement.

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11
Q

How does enlarging channels with levees affect peak flow?

A

Allows rivers to carry more water, increasing peak flow.

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12
Q

What is the purpose of channelization and straightening?

A

To remove water from an area and reduce flood threat.

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