(d) Equlilbria Flashcards
What is dynamic equilibrium?
At dynamic equilibrium the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
What are the only types of system that can reach equilibrium?
Closed systems.
What is true at dynamic equilibrium?
Mass of products and reactants are constant
Concentration of reactants and products is constant
The rate of the forward and backward reaction is equal
Temperature is constant.
What happens if the concentration of reactant is less than the concentration of products?
The equilibrium will lie to the right.
What happens if the concentration of reactants is greater than that of products?
The equilibrium will shift to the left.
What 3 things can affect the position of equilibrium?
Concentration
temperature
Pressure.
How does changing the temperature affect the position of equilibrium?
Increasing the temperature favours the endothermic reaction and decreasing the temperature favours the exothermic.
How does changing the pressure affect the position of equilibrium?
Increasing the pressure favours the side with the least amount of moles of Gas and decreasing the pressure favours the side with the greater number of moles of gas.
How does changing the concentration affect the position of equilibrium?
Increasing the concentration moves away from the increase and decreasing the concentration moves toward the decrease.
How does adding a catalyst affect the position of equilibrium?
Catalysts do not change the position of equilibrium but will decrease the time taken to reach it.
Why is the reaction to form ammonia performed at a moderate temperature despite being exothermic?
If the temperature is too low then the reaction to for ammonia will be too slow,
But it the temperature is too high it will mean that the reverse reaction will go quicker, thus decreasing the formation of ammonia.
