Cytokines of Innate Immunity Flashcards
1
Q
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)–principal cell sources
A
- macrophages
- T cells
- mast cells
2
Q
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)–principal cell targets and effects
A
- endothelial cells–activation (inflammation, coagulation)
- neutrophils–activation
- hypothalamus–fever
- liver–synthesis of acute phase proteins
- muscle, fat–catabolism (cachexia)
- many cell types–apoptosis
3
Q
IL-1–principal cell source(s)
A
- macrophages
- dendritic cells
- endothelial cells
- some epithelial cells
- mast cells
4
Q
IL-1–principal cell targets and biologic effects
A
- endothelial cells–activation (inflammation, coagulation)
- hypothalamus–fever
- liver–synthesis of acute phase proteins
- T cells–Th 17 differentiation
- osteoclasts–bone breakdown, resorb Ca from bone
5
Q
IL-2–principal cell sources
A
- helper T cells (CD4)
- cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
- large granular lymphocytes
6
Q
IL-2–principal cell targets
A
- activated T cells and B cells
- NK cells
- macrophages
7
Q
IL-2–effects
A
- cell growth, proliferation, and activation
- synthesis of antibodies
8
Q
IL-3–principal cell sources
A
- T cells
- mast cells
- eosinophils
9
Q
IL-3–principal cell targets and effects
A
- mast cells–growth and histamine release
- stem cells–growth and differentiation
- stimulates proliferation in hematopoietic cells
10
Q
IL-4–principal cell sources
A
- T cells
- mast cells
11
Q
IL-4–principal cell targets and effects
A
- activated B cells–proliferation and differentiation; IgG and IgE synthesis
- macrophages–induces MHC class II expression, inhibits production of pro inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF)
- T cells–proliferation
12
Q
IL-5–principal cell sources
A
- Th2 cells
13
Q
IL-5–principal cell targets and effects
A
- activated B cells–proliferation and differentiation, IgA synthesis
- eosinophils–growth and activation
14
Q
IL-6–principal cell sources
A
- macrophages
- endothelial cells
- T cells
15
Q
IL-6–principal cellular targets and effects
A
- liver–synthesis of acute phase proteins
- B cells–proliferation of antibody producing cells
- stem cells–differentiation
- osteoclasts–bone breakdown, Ca resorption
16
Q
IL-7–principal cell sources
A
- thymic stromal cells
- bone marrow
- spleen
17
Q
IL-7–principal cell targets and effects
A
- stem cells–differentiation into progenitor B and T cells
18
Q
IL-8–principal cell sources
A
- macrophages
- endothelial cells
19
Q
IL-8–principal cell targets and effects
A
- neutrophils–chemotaxis
20
Q
IL-9–principal cell source
A
- T cells
21
Q
IL-9–principal cell targets
A
- T cells
- mast cells
- neutrophils
- epithelial cells
22
Q
IL-9–effects
A
- proliferation
- promotes Th2 cytokine secretion
23
Q
IL-10–principal cell source(s)
A
- macrophages
- dendritic cells
- T cells
24
Q
IL-10–principal cell targets and effects
A
- macrophages, dendritic cells–inhibition of cytokine and chemokine production; reduced expression of costimulators and class II MHC molecules
25
IL-12--principal cell source(s)
* dendritic cells
* macrophages
26
IL-12--principal cell targets and effects
* NK cells and T cells--IFN gamma production; increased cytotoxic activity
* T cells--Th1 differentiation
27
IL-13--principal cell source(s)
* T cells
28
IL-13--principal cell targets
* B cells
* T cells
* macrophages
29
IL-13--effects
* goblet cell activation in lung and gut
* proliferation and promotion of IgE production
* regulation of cell mediated immunity
30
IL-14--principal cell source(s)
* T cells
31
IL-14--principal cell target and effects
* B cells--promotion of B cell growth
32
IL-15--principal cell source(s)
* macrophages
* others
33
IL-15--principal cell targets and effects
* NK cells--proliferation
* T cells--proliferation
34
IL-16--principal cell sources
* T cells
* eosinophils
* mast cells
35
IL-16--principal cell targets and effects
* CD4 T cells--recruitment of CD4 T cells
36
IL-17--principal cell source(s)
* Th17 cells
* others
37
IL-17--principal cell targets
* mucosal tissues
* epithelial and endothelial cells
38
IL-17--effects
* proinflammatory
* protective immunity in lung
* tight junction integrity
* promotes mobilization of neutrophils and cytokine production by epithelial cells
* promotes angiogenesis
39
IL-18--principal cell sources
* macrophages
40
IL-18--principal cell targets and effects
* NK cells and T cells--IFN gamma synthesis
41
chemokines--principal cell sources
* macrophages
* dendritic cells
* endothelial cells
* T lymphocytes
* fibroblasts
* platelets
42
chemokines--principal cell targets and effects
* leukocytes--increased integrin affinity, chemotaxis, activation
43
Type I IFNs--principal cell sources
* IFN alpha--dendritic cells, macrophages
* IFN beta--fibroblasts
44
Type I IFNs--principal cell targets and effects
* all cells--antivirial state, increased class I MHC expression
* NK cells--activation
45
TGF beta--principal cell sources
* many cell types
46
TGF beta--principal cell targets and effects
* inhibition of inflammation
* T cells--differentiation of Th17, regulatory T cells
47
IFN gamma--principal cell sources
* NK cells
* T lymphocytes
48
IFN gamma--principal cell targets and effects
* activation of macrophages
* stimulation of some antibody responses
49
name the pro-inflammatory cytokines
* IL-1
* TNF
* IFN gamma
* IL-12
* IL-18
* granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
50
name the anti-inflammatory cytokines
* IL-4
* IL-10
* IL-13
* IFN alpha
* TGF beta
