Cytokines of Innate Immunity Flashcards
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)–principal cell sources
- macrophages
- T cells
- mast cells
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)–principal cell targets and effects
- endothelial cells–activation (inflammation, coagulation)
- neutrophils–activation
- hypothalamus–fever
- liver–synthesis of acute phase proteins
- muscle, fat–catabolism (cachexia)
- many cell types–apoptosis
IL-1–principal cell source(s)
- macrophages
- dendritic cells
- endothelial cells
- some epithelial cells
- mast cells
IL-1–principal cell targets and biologic effects
- endothelial cells–activation (inflammation, coagulation)
- hypothalamus–fever
- liver–synthesis of acute phase proteins
- T cells–Th 17 differentiation
- osteoclasts–bone breakdown, resorb Ca from bone
IL-2–principal cell sources
- helper T cells (CD4)
- cytotoxic T cells (CD8)
- large granular lymphocytes
IL-2–principal cell targets
- activated T cells and B cells
- NK cells
- macrophages
IL-2–effects
- cell growth, proliferation, and activation
- synthesis of antibodies
IL-3–principal cell sources
- T cells
- mast cells
- eosinophils
IL-3–principal cell targets and effects
- mast cells–growth and histamine release
- stem cells–growth and differentiation
- stimulates proliferation in hematopoietic cells
IL-4–principal cell sources
- T cells
- mast cells
IL-4–principal cell targets and effects
- activated B cells–proliferation and differentiation; IgG and IgE synthesis
- macrophages–induces MHC class II expression, inhibits production of pro inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF)
- T cells–proliferation
IL-5–principal cell sources
- Th2 cells
IL-5–principal cell targets and effects
- activated B cells–proliferation and differentiation, IgA synthesis
- eosinophils–growth and activation
IL-6–principal cell sources
- macrophages
- endothelial cells
- T cells
IL-6–principal cellular targets and effects
- liver–synthesis of acute phase proteins
- B cells–proliferation of antibody producing cells
- stem cells–differentiation
- osteoclasts–bone breakdown, Ca resorption
IL-7–principal cell sources
- thymic stromal cells
- bone marrow
- spleen
IL-7–principal cell targets and effects
- stem cells–differentiation into progenitor B and T cells
IL-8–principal cell sources
- macrophages
- endothelial cells
IL-8–principal cell targets and effects
- neutrophils–chemotaxis
IL-9–principal cell source
- T cells
IL-9–principal cell targets
- T cells
- mast cells
- neutrophils
- epithelial cells
IL-9–effects
- proliferation
- promotes Th2 cytokine secretion
IL-10–principal cell source(s)
- macrophages
- dendritic cells
- T cells
IL-10–principal cell targets and effects
- macrophages, dendritic cells–inhibition of cytokine and chemokine production; reduced expression of costimulators and class II MHC molecules
IL-12–principal cell source(s)
- dendritic cells
- macrophages
IL-12–principal cell targets and effects
- NK cells and T cells–IFN gamma production; increased cytotoxic activity
- T cells–Th1 differentiation
IL-13–principal cell source(s)
- T cells
IL-13–principal cell targets
- B cells
- T cells
- macrophages
IL-13–effects
- goblet cell activation in lung and gut
- proliferation and promotion of IgE production
- regulation of cell mediated immunity
IL-14–principal cell source(s)
- T cells
IL-14–principal cell target and effects
- B cells–promotion of B cell growth
IL-15–principal cell source(s)
- macrophages
- others
IL-15–principal cell targets and effects
- NK cells–proliferation
- T cells–proliferation
IL-16–principal cell sources
- T cells
- eosinophils
- mast cells
IL-16–principal cell targets and effects
- CD4 T cells–recruitment of CD4 T cells
IL-17–principal cell source(s)
- Th17 cells
- others
IL-17–principal cell targets
- mucosal tissues
- epithelial and endothelial cells
IL-17–effects
- proinflammatory
- protective immunity in lung
- tight junction integrity
- promotes mobilization of neutrophils and cytokine production by epithelial cells
- promotes angiogenesis
IL-18–principal cell sources
- macrophages
IL-18–principal cell targets and effects
- NK cells and T cells–IFN gamma synthesis
chemokines–principal cell sources
- macrophages
- dendritic cells
- endothelial cells
- T lymphocytes
- fibroblasts
- platelets
chemokines–principal cell targets and effects
- leukocytes–increased integrin affinity, chemotaxis, activation
Type I IFNs–principal cell sources
- IFN alpha–dendritic cells, macrophages
- IFN beta–fibroblasts
Type I IFNs–principal cell targets and effects
- all cells–antivirial state, increased class I MHC expression
- NK cells–activation
TGF beta–principal cell sources
- many cell types
TGF beta–principal cell targets and effects
- inhibition of inflammation
- T cells–differentiation of Th17, regulatory T cells
IFN gamma–principal cell sources
- NK cells
- T lymphocytes
IFN gamma–principal cell targets and effects
- activation of macrophages
- stimulation of some antibody responses
name the pro-inflammatory cytokines
- IL-1
- TNF
- IFN gamma
- IL-12
- IL-18
- granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor
name the anti-inflammatory cytokines
- IL-4
- IL-10
- IL-13
- IFN alpha
- TGF beta
