Cytokines of Adaptive immunity (Heck) Flashcards
Cytokines of adaptive immunity
IL2, IL4, IL5, IfN-gamma and TGF-b
IL2 function
mediates growth and differentiation of T lymphocytes. and stimulates NK differentiation and proliferation
what type of cell req IL2 for survival
T regulatory cells
How does IL2 promote T cell growth
Induces anti-apoptotic BCL-2 to promote survival
Promotes cell cycle through cyclin synthesis and p27 degradation
What cells produce IL2
CD4+ T cells
What stimulates the release of IL2 from T helper cells
Ags and costimulators
What are the functions of IL4
stimulates differentiation of CD4+ T cells to TH2 cells and inhibits the differentiation into TH1
stimulates the defense reactions of mast and eosinophil cells
IL4 has what effect on B cells
switch to IgE
What cells produce IL4
TH2 subset of T helper
Mast cells
What are they systemic activities of IgE
originally for parasitic infections, but now the principle mediator of hypersensitivity (allergies)
What IL induce fibrosis
IL4 via arginase and IL13 via same way
What stimulates B cells to proliferate and produce IgA
IL 5 because IgA is on mucosa and parasites usually found in GI
What produces IL5
TH2 and activated mast cells
What is the clinical application of IL5
the eosinophils kill worms and kill opsonized microbes with IgA and IgG
Where is IgG found
serum
cytokines found in TH2 subset
IL2, IL4, IL5 and IL13
What IL has shared affects with IL4
IL13
What produces IL13(rank in order of the most dominant producer of IL13)
CD4+ TH2 helper cells
during early phase allergic response- TH1 and NK
Basophils and Eosinophils
What cells express R for IL13
B cells, mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils Fibroblasts Endothelial cells Bronchial epithelial Not T cells
clinical application of IL13 in allergic inflammation
promotes fibrosis via arginase 1- induces collagen expression in macrophages & fibroblasts
Induces TGF-b to promote fibrosis
Induces mucus production- goblet cells
Induces IgE class
Induces inflammation thru recruitment of VCAM-1
What induces production of IFNgamma
intracellular microbes IL12 stimulates release of IFN-gamma
Activation of IFNgamma R induces what cascade
reactive oxygen and nitric oxide within lysosomes to destroy microbes
IFN-gamma tells macrophages to do what?
kill what is in phagosome, if in cytosol CD*+ will bind and kill infected cell
What does IFN-gamma promote
TH1 differentiation and inhibits TH2
B cell to switch to IgG and inhibits IgE
APC activity- stimulates HLA I and II
What cells produce IFN-gamma, what stimulates this
NK
TH1
CD8+ T cells
stimulated by IL12
What is the role of TGFb
inhibits proliferation of lymphocytes and leukocytes via counteracting cytokines on neutrophils and endothelial cells
stimulates B cells to produce IgA
stimulates healing- fibroblasts and macrophages
What cells produce TGFb
Antigen stimulated T cells
LPS-activated phagocytes
Regulatory T cells
What are the 2 specific responses of macrophages
classical: via APC
Alternative: persistant infection, increase arginase and fibrosis, inhibit TH1
Acute infection vs persistant THcells
acute–> TH1
persistant–>TH2
