Cytokines Flashcards
What does pleiotropic effect mean?
the ability of cytokines to exert multiple actions
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4)
Chemoattractant for neutrophils
IL2
Work on T-cells, Autocrine effect on Th. “T-cell growth factor”
IL7
B-cells
IL1
Fever
Increase selectin and integrin amount on endothelial cells
Activate fibrocytes -> fibroblasts
TNFa
Fever
Increase selectin and integrin amount endothelial cells
Activate fibrocytes -> fibroblasts
IL8
Chemoattractant for neutrophils and macrophages.
Made by: Mast cells, platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophil, basophils, lymphocyte
Upregulation for intergrins?
Transforming Growth factor beta (TGF-b)
Inhibit cellular immunity
Activate fibroblasts
IL4
B-cell growth factor and class switch to IgE. Formation of Th2
IL5
B-cell differentiation to plasma cells. Class switch to IgA.
IL6
Fever. Acute phase proteins
IL3
Activate haematopic stem cells.
IL12
Costimulator for Th -> Th1
Interferon gamma
Very potent activator for macrophages (M1) and NKcells.
Class switch to IgG
IL7
Made by stromal cells. B-cell maturation
IL10
Inhibit the formation of Th1 (downregulator of cellular immunity)
Shared char. of cytokines
they exert their functions via membrane receptors (high affinity, low number)
their effect is often tansitional (short half life of their mRNA, negative feedback)
Functional redundancy
Antagonistic, additive, synergistic effects
Pro inflammatory cytokines / Antiinflammatory cytokines:
Pro inflammatory: IL-1 TNF IFNgamma IL-12 IL-18 IL17, IL33
Antiinflammatory: IL-10 TGF-Beta IL-13 IFN-alpha IL-35
Chemoattractive molecules
LTB4
C5a, C3a
IL-8
N-formylmethionyl peptides
Which cytokines are known as “B-cell growth factor”?
IL-4,5,6
