Cytokines Flashcards
Pro-inflammatory
TNF, IL-1, IL -6, IL-12
Stimulate NK Growth
IL-12, Type 1 IFN (alpha/beta)
Which cytokine do NOD-like receptors stimulate?
active IL-1
once NFkB is activated
What are the anti-viral cytokines?
BONUS: How are they activated?
Type I interferons (alpha/beta)
Mech: PAMP binding to TLR –> IRF TFs triggered to act
IL-1
pro-inflammatory
source: macrophages/monocytes in response to bacteria
IL-2
secreted by all T cells;
stimulates NK cells, CTLs, Th1 (helper T) cells and Tregs; Tcell growth factor (TCGF)
*transcription of IL-2 is inhibited by calcuneurin
IL-3
secreted by all T cells;
stimulates bone marrow stem cells
IL-4
secreted by Th2 cells;
induces differentiation into Th2 cells; promotes growth of B cells; stimulates IgE production (class switch) - and IgG (?)
IL-5
stimulates IgA production (class switch) by B cels to defend against BACTERIAL infection;
Eosinophil activation
IL-6
pro-inflammatory; (aKute inflammation);
works with TGF-beta to stimulate helper T differentiation –> Th17
IL-8
chemokine: chemotaxis to sites of inflammation, expressed by macrophages to act on neutrophils (neutrophil chemotactic factor
IL-10
inhibits immune response AND___
IL-12
Secreted by activated Macrophages, activates NK cells, proinflammatory
IL-13
secreted by TH2 cytokines: simulates production of mucus in gut
IL-17
secreted by Th17;
recruits massive #s of neutrophils to help defend against pathogens;
influence B cells to make Ab classes that can opsonize fungi/bacteria and activate complement
-role in organ specific auto-immunity
