Cystitis

Question 1

What are the symptoms of cystitis?

Answer 1

1. Pain when peeing
2. Frequency
3. Urgency
4. Cloudy pee
5. Nocturia
6. Haematuria
7. Voiding small amounts and more painful at the end of voiding

Question 2

What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis (kidney infection)?

Answer 2

1. Flank pain
2. Temp
3. Nausea and vomiting

Sudden onset

Question 3

What are the symptoms of an std?

Answer 3

1. Pain and Dysuria - same as cystitis
2. Vaginal discharge
3. Pus in urine

Question 4

What medicines can cause cystitis?

Answer 4

1. NSAIDS
2. Allopurinol
3. Danazol
4. Cyclophosphamide

Question 5

What specific questions should be asked about cystitis?

Answer 5

1. Duration - more than 5-7 days refer in case of kidney inf
2. Age - children refer due to potential structural abnormality and over 70 due to high risk of complications
3. Fever present - refer as likely upper UTI
4. Vaginal discharge - likely infection not cystitis
5. Location of pain - loin = upper UTI

Question 6

What instances should you refer a patient?

Answer 6

1. Under 16 or over 70
2. Fever and flank pain - upper/complicated UTI
3. Vaginal discharge
4. Duration over 7 days
5. Diabetes or immunocompromised
6. Haematuria
7. Pregnancy

Question 7

What would you use to treat cystitis and dose?

Answer 7

Alkalinizing agents - 2 day course taken 3 times a day

Question 8

When using potassium citrate, what patients groups should you be cautious with?

Answer 8

Those taking ACE inhibitors, k sparing diuretics and spironolactone

Question 9

When using sodium citrate, what patients groups should you be cautious with?

Answer 9

Patients with HD, HTN or renal impairment

Question 10

What advice would you give?

Answer 10

1. Drink around 2l of water every day to promote bladder voiding
2. Dilute k citrate with water to improve taste