Cyotoxic drugs Flashcards
Fluorouracil, MTX and anthracyclines are likely to result in what oral side effect?
Mucositis
How is mucositis treated
- Good oral hygiene
- Sucking ice cubes
- saline mouth washes
Patients with NHL, burkits lymphoma, ALL, AML are at high risk of what syndrome?
Tumour lysis syndrome
A cancer patient presents with high urea, K+ and phosphate and low calcium - what could this be?
tumour lysis syndrome
What medication is started to combate hyperureacemia
Allopurinol
What 2 chemotherapies do NOT cause Bone marrow supression?
Bleomycin and vincristine
What medication can be used to help with neutropenia
recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating facotr
What is the emetogenic risk of flurouracil, MTX, etoposide, vinca alkaloids?
mildly emetogenic
What is the emetogenic risk of taxanes, doxorubicin, cyclophosphomide?
moderate
What chemotherapy is highly emetogenic?
Cicplatin, dacarbazine, high dose ciclophosphamide
What is the antidocte to MTX overdose
Folinic acid
Urothelial toxicity is common with which chemotherapy drug?
Cyclophosphamide / ifosfomide
What drug is given to help with symptoms of urothelial toxicity?
mesna
Example of anthracycline drugs
Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, epirubicin
What is a dose limiting toxicity associated with anti-tumour antibiotics?
Cumulative cardiotoxicity - due to generation of free radicals. ECHO required pre treatment
How must the Vinka alkaloids NOT be given?
intrathecally - risk of neurotoxicity
Example of vinka alkaloid
Vinblastine, Vincristine
Main risk with vinka alkaloids
Neurotoxicity
Examples of Taxanes
Docetaxel, Paclitaxel
examples of alkylating agents
cyclophosphamide, melphalan, ifosfamide, carmustine, chlorambucil
Hand foot syndrome is associated with which antimetabolite drug?
fluorouracil + MTX
Capecitabine is the oral equivalent of whay chemotherpay drug?
fluorouracil
Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with which chemotherapy?
Bleomycin
Monitoring for MTX
FBC, LFTS, U&Es every 1-2 weeks until stabilised, then 2/3 monthly
sx of pulmonary/blood toxicity
Can NSAIDS be used wiht MTC?
No
What does Dexrazoxane chelate?
Iron - used to prevent cumulative cardiotoxicity with anthracyclines
When is Rasburicase contraindicated?
G6PD deficiency
Bicalutamide is an anti androgen used in what form of cancer?
prostate
How long can tamoxifen be used as chemoprevention?
5 years
Aromatase inhibitor examples
Letrozole + anastrozole
Erlotinib is an EGFR inhibitor. What is the MHRA warning associated with these medications?
Risk of keratitis and ulcerative keratitis
